Research into the computational properties of the human metaphor faculty can be categorized according to two different perspectives: the lexico-semantic approach, most favoured by linguists, which sees metaphor as a predominantly linguistic phenomenon and thus attempts to model it as such; and the conceptual approach, which sees metaphor as a deep-seated cognitive agency that systematically org...

Recent interest in the nature of deliberate metaphor has demonstrated the need for a threedimensional model of metaphor. Metaphor is not just a matter of language and thought, but also of communication. How can this starting point be connected with a discourse-psychological framework for metaphor in which it is assumed that people have to represent metaphor as part of a number of complementary ...

Wittgenstein as Davidson on Metaphor In Wittgensten und die Metaphor, eds. Arnswald, Kertscher, and Kross, Parerga Verlag, Berlin, 2004, as “Wittgenstein mit Davidson uber Metaphor,” (German translation) pp. 195-220. This essay has five parts: First, I explain some fundamental agreements between Davidson and Wittgenstein. I argue that Donald Davidson’s views and Wittgenstein’s views in the Inve...

This paper analyzes the limitations of selectional-preference based metaphor recognition, and proposes a new model for metaphor recognition, using Chinese subject-predicate construction as illustration. After showing with experiments that selectional-preference based metaphor recognition has difficulty in recognizing conventional metaphors and literal expressions with low frequency, the paper p...

KEYWORDS: metaphor-understanding algorithms metaphor of mind reasoning about agents' mental states personiication metaphor uncertain reasoning ABSTRACT: An implemented reasoning called ATT-Meta is sketched. It performs a type of metaphor-based reasoning. Although it relies on built-in knowledge of speciic metaphors, where a metaphor is a conceptual view of ones topic as another, it is very exib...

The view that metaphor plays a fundamental structural role in organizing our conceptual systems, rather than serving a deviant rhetorical effect, is now generally accepted. Indeed, this idea drives many recent computational models (Weiner , 1984; Martin, 1990; Way, 1991;Veale & Keane, 1992a, 1992b). However, these analyses are based on the de-contextualised "contents" of the metaphor and ignore...

A general practice in the research of metaphor has been to investigate its behavior and function in different contexts. This current study aims to investigate the notion that verbs possess a metaphor-making potential, this being an initiatory context-free experiment with metaphor. The goal of this paper is to carry out an in-depth case study of a group of English core verbs using WordNet and SU...

The career of metaphor hypothesis suggests that processing preference is a result of conventionality whereby conventional metaphors are processed through categorization, and novel ones processed through comparison. Alternatively, the categorization model predicts that apt metaphors are processed as categorizations whether or not they are conventional. However, research has largely ignored anoth...

BACKGROUND In many scientific disciplines the use of a metaphor as an heuristic aid is not uncommon. A well known example in somatic medicine is the 'defense army metaphor' used to characterize the immune system. In fact, probably a large part of the everyday work of doctors consists of 'translating' scientific and clinical information (i.e. causes of disease, percentage of success versus risk ...

Prevalent not only in political rhetoric, but also in foreign policy, metaphor has an impact on the way we define and carry out war. In my research I investigated the following themes: the purpose and meaning of metaphor in language; how metaphor shapes foreign policy; how metaphorical rhetoric was used by politicians from September 11, 2001 to President Bush’s State of the Union Address in Jan...