Once an effective HIV vaccine is discovered, a major challenge will be to ensure its world wide access. A preventive vaccine with low or moderate efficacy (30-50%) could be a valuable prevention tool, especially if targeted to populations at higher risk of HIV infection. High efficacy vaccines (80-90%) could be used in larger segments of the population. Estimated "needs" for future HIV vaccines...

Herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia deteriorate the quality of life because of severe pain and complications, and cause considerable social and economic burden of disease. In 2012, herpes zoster vaccine was released in Korea. The efficacy of herpes zoster vaccine is known to be 51.3-66.5% among the aged over 60 and 69.8-72.4% among adults between 50 and 59. It is also known that preventiv...

This investigation explored commonalities and differences in barriers and motivators to HIV vaccine trial participation and acceptability of future U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved HIV vaccines in order to identify implications of clinical trials for future HIV vaccine dissemination. Fifteen focus groups were conducted with 157 predominately ethnic minority and low income partic...

1 IAVI, “Global Investment and Expenditures on Preventive HIV Vaccines: Methods and Results for 2002,” July 2004. The science of an HIV vaccine is complicated, with only modest progress so far on overcoming the scientific barriers to producing a vaccine that will consistently induce a strong immune response in humans. The research and product development process is very expensive, requiring mor...

BACKGROUND The number of new HIV infections among MSM of China is rapidly increasing in recent years and behavioral interventions have had limited effectiveness. To control the HIV pandemic may lie in an HIV vaccine. This study examined the factors associated with willingness to participate (WTP) in HIV vaccine clinical trials among China MSM. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was carried out ...

CONTEXT The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is a safe, effective cancer prevention method that is underutilized in the United States. Despite increased understanding of barriers to vaccination, rates remain low. Globally, developed and developing nations have achieved high rates of vaccination. OBJECTIVE Identification of effective strategies is necessary to optimize uptake of the HPV vacc...

Although the tremendous effort has been paid by scientists for creating HIV vaccine over the past three decades since the discovery of HIV-1, the HIV vaccine development still has a long way to go. Only one HIV vaccine, RV144, has been proved to be moderately effective by the clinical trials, but there has been much debate about its usefulness. The difficulties of HIV vaccine development includ...

After a year of the COVID-19 pandemic, meta-analysis in Dec 2020 did not support its reinfections. Now it’s clear that only reinfection following earlier exposure is reality, but also breakthrough infections after vaccinations have been increasingly reported. A infection means has broken through protection provided by vaccine. The course disease, strict observation for preventive measures, toge...

Complete children immunization coverage in Indonesia declined from 59.2% 2013 to 57.9% 2016. Therefore, a study on understanding the vaccination barrier is necessary improve future coverage. This scoping review aims identify determinants of vaccine hesitancy using model World Health Organization-Strategic Advisory Group Expert (WHO-SAGE) working group and map them basis region, target populatio...

Background The recent outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is considered a global health emergency. impact this viral infection great concern to everyone. As the COVID-19 continues appear unstoppable, preventive and hygiene measures have been implemented safeguard against infection. Among these precautions, social isolation greatest potential for reducing contagion, at least until vaccine...