Soft Computing techniques play an important role for decision in applications with imprecise and uncertain knowledge. The application of soft computing disciplines is rapidly emerging for the diagnosis and prognosis in medical applications. Between various soft computing techniques, fuzzy expert system takes advantage of fuzzy set theory to provide computing with uncertain words. In a fuzzy exp...

Background: Endocrine disorders occasionally manifest themselves by their associated or induced cutaneous abnormalities. Skin is a frequently overlooked source of pathology. Several cutaneous abnormalities are more prevalent in diabetes mellitus. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the frequency of skin infections among type 2 diabetic patients and associated risk factors in Faisalab...

Private governance by means of voluntary sustainability standards (VSS) has become ubiquitous, especially for the issues along global value chains in agriculture. As VSS have multiplied and proliferated, their commonalities differences are not always easily discernable to chain participants stakeholders. Concurrently, extant research is ambiguous on degree harmonization or diversification curre...

When multistable displays (stimuli consistent with two or more equally plausible perceptual interpretations) are presented intermittently, their perceptions are stabilized by sensory memory. Independent memory traces are generated not only for different types of multistable displays (Maier, Wilke, Logothetis, & Leopold, Current Biology 13:1076-1085, 2003), but also for different ambiguous featu...

background: one of the essential aspects of the provision of care is cultural issues. cultural sensitivity is the key for cultural care. the aim of this study was to explore culturally sensitive care in pediatric nursing care in iran.materials and methods: this study was a conventional content analysis. participants were consisted of 25 nurses and 9 parents selected through purposive sampling f...

Judgments about the perceptual appearance of visual objects require the combination of multiple parameters, like location, direction, color, speed, and depth. Our understanding of perceptual judgments has been greatly informed by studies of ambiguous figures, which take on different appearances depending upon the brain state of the observer. Here we probe the neural mechanisms hypothesized as r...

  Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) represents one of the most prevalent diseases of poultry mainly in combination with other pathogens, and it is increasing among chickens.  In the present study, the detection and characterization of an aMPV subtype B strain circulating in broiler flocks based on fusion (F) gene. In phylogenetic analysis, the isolates are located in B subtype cl...

In a recent series of publications (Traxler et al. J Mem Lang 39:558-592, 1998; Van Gompel et al. J Mem Lang 52:284-307, 2005; see also Van Gompel et al. (In: Kennedy, et al.(eds) Reading as a perceptual process, Oxford, Elsevier pp 621-648, 2000); Van Gompel et al. J Mem Lang 45:225-258, 2001) eye tracking data are reported showing that globally ambiguous (GA) sentences are read faster than lo...

What is the role of feedback information in different visual category learning (VCL) scenarios? To address this question we tested participants' performance in VCL tasks in which stimuli varied in three feature dimensions, one of which was relevant for the task and the other two were irrelevant. The relevant feature could be identified based on trial-by-trial feedback. In one condition the task...