in some islamic narrations (ahadith) it is prohibited to postpone the performance of had (prescribed punishment). by analyzing the content of these narrations, this article concludes that they are not specifically related to hodoud in its idiomatic sense, i.e. prescribed punishments as opposed to ta’zir(discretionary punishment). indeed all punishments must be certain and performed in a reasona...

Large quantities of radiopharmaceuticals prescribed for treatment and diagnosis are excreted through kidney. Therefore, radiation unwanted dose is created in kidney. As a result, exact calculation of prescribed radiopharmaceuticals amount is important. Monte Carlo method is used for simulation of radiation transport in body due to random nature of radiation. In this research, for the first time...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify the challenges faced by primary care physicians (PCPs) when prescribing medications for patients with chronic diseases in a teaching hospital in Malaysia. DESIGN/SETTING 3 focus group discussions were conducted between July and August 2012 in a teaching primary care clinic in Malaysia. A topic guide was used to facilitate the discussions which w...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate studies of pharmacist-led interventions on potentially inappropriate prescribing among community-dwelling older adults receiving primary care to identify the components of a successful intervention. DATA SOURCES An electronic search of the literature was conducted using the following databases from inception to December 2015: PubMed, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing a...

BACKGROUND Licensing arrangements for nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in the UK were broadened in 2005 to allow prescribing to pregnant smokers. However, estimates of NRT prescribing in pregnant females in the UK are currently lacking. AIM To assess trends in NRT prescribing around pregnancy, and variation in prescribing by maternal characteristics. DESIGN AND SETTING Population-based de...

Concern has been raised about inadequate pharmacology teaching in medical schools and the high incidence of prescribing errors by doctors in training. Modifications in pharmacology teaching have been carried out in many countries. The present study was carried out using a semi-structured questionnaire to obtain students' perceptions of their knowledge, attitudes, and skills with regard to diffe...

OBJECTIVES To determine the potential for a source of surplus antibiotics in the community to come from the mismatch between the recommended duration of antibiotic treatment for common indications in primary care and that dictated by default pharmaceutical industry packaging. METHODS Analysis of existing published information of: 1) the most common antibiotics prescribed in primary care in Au...

Background and Aim: In recent decades, the emergence of resistant strains of staphylococcus aureus, pneumococci, enterococcus and intestinal gram-negative bacteria due to the inappropriate use of antibiotics has emphasized the necessity of proper use of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the appropriate antibiotic administration by general practitioner in the emergency departmen...