OBJECTIVE To determine the accuracy with which a single progesterone measurement in early pregnancy discriminates between viable and non-viable pregnancy. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy studies. DATA SOURCES Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, ProQuest, Conference Proceedings Citation Index, and the Cochrane Library from inception until April 2012, pl...

CONTEXT In Bangladesh, both menstrual regulation (MR), which is thought to be a relatively safe method, and abortion, which in this setting is often performed using unsafe methods, are used to terminate pregnancies (known or suspected). However, little is known about changes over time in the use of these methods or their relative mortality risks. METHODS Data from the Demographic Surveillance...

A determination was made of the gestational interval over which the Subhuman Primate Pregnancy Test, a hemagglutination inhibition test for urinary chorionic gonadotropin, accurately indicated conception and the continuation of pregnancy in an orangutan (Pongo pygmaseus). The initial positive diagnostic test response occurred about 8 months before parturition and positive responses continued th...

Case scenario A 40 years old Malay woman is amenorrhoeic for six weeks with no other symptoms of pregnancy. Urine pregnancy test is positive and transvaginal ultrasound confirmed a six-week intrauterine pregnancy. She had three previous uneventful pregnancies; her last childbirth was 7 years ago. She is concern about the risk of Down’s syndrome. She and her husband are against termination of pr...

Radiation therapy (RT) can be lethal to a developing fetus; therefore, determining pregnancy status before RT is essential. We here sought to determine how many women treated with RT at our institution for over one year were at risk for pregnancy when starting RT. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all female patients 12-55 years old treated with radiation, i.e. 1 October 2012 t...

Ectopic pregnancy has been increasing in frequency over the past 2 decades. The sudden rupture of a fallopian tube caused by ectopic pregnancy can lead to hemorrhagic shock and death if not diagnosed and treated in a timely fashion. The emergency physician is often the health professional that is called on to make the diagnosis and coordinate timely and effective intervention. The first step in...

We conducted a case study through the images of an omphalocele diagnosed in the first trimester of pregnancy in a Prenatal Diagnostic Unit in order to highlight the central role of early detection of foetal malformations. We here report the case of a 42year old G2P1 patient who underwent her first ultrasound at 12w + 4d of pregnancy showing an omphalocele (A,B,C,D). The patient was informed abo...

We report three cases of unsuspected pregnancy during hysterosalpingography (HSG) with different outcomes. In the first two cases, menstrual history was wrongly relied upon and no pregnancy tests had been performed. However, even with a negative pregnancy test carried out prior to the investigation, as in the third case, this was proven not to be foolproof. The outcome of our pregnancies involv...

Urine pregnancy tests are widely used in emergency departments as the first screening test for patients of reproductive age presenting with gynaecological problems in order to rule out pregnancy. Conditions such as complete molar pregnancy, which produces large amounts of beta human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG), may cause a false negative result due to an oversaturation of the assay system...

Since Friedman's discovery5 in 1929 that urine from pregnant women would induce ovulation when injected into young female rabbits, there have been several attempts to use the test with various other mammals. These are summarized by Snyder and Wislocki8 and by Schultz and Snyder.7 Reports of experimental and clinical observations on the use of the Friedman test for diagnosis of pregnancy are ver...