Preferences for redistribution may be influenced by values and beliefs about distributive justice as well as by self-interest. People may prefer more redistribution to the poor if they believe that poverty is caused by circumstances beyond individual control. Therefore, beliefs about the causes of income may affect demand for redistribution. Alternatively, the effect of these beliefs on redistr...

This paper studies strict preference relations on product sets induced by “ordinal aggregation methods”. Such methods are interpreted here as performing paired comparisons of alternatives based on the “importance” of attributes favoring each element of the pair: alternative x will be preferred to alternative y if the attributes for which x is better than y are “more important” than the attribut...

A classic issue in the theory of rational choice is whether individuals’ preferences should and can be measured. This paper suggests that studies of altruistic behavior will benefit from trying to measure altruistic preferences. Such an effort would enable scholars to test the separate effect of preferences and situational factors on action. The above suggestions are applied to the case of the ...

We investigate the problem of selecting a committee consisting of k members from a list of m candidates. The selection of each candidate consumes a certain weight (or cost). Hence, the choice of the k-committee has to satisfy a weight (or budget) constraint: The sum of the weights of all selected committee members must not exceed a given value W . While the former part of the problem is a typic...

i. Normative data from the anestrous, estrous, and post-estrous periods of females .. .275 2. The response of individual females to individual males 277 3. Behavior in the circle when females were in estrus . . . . 277 4. A comparison of present and previous mating preferences 28I 5. Behavior in the circle when females were in nonestrus 282 6. Temporal changes during estrus .. .282 7. Individua...

Background—We sought to describe the resuscitation preferences of patients hospitalized with an exacerbation of severe congestive heart failure, perceptions of those preferences by their physicians, and the stability of the preferences. Methods and Results—Of 936 patients in this study, 215 (23%) explicitly stated that they did not want to be resuscitated. Significant correlates of not wanting ...

Simple majority does not reflect the intensity of voters’ preferences. This paper presents an efficient collective choice mechanism when the choice is binary and the designer may use non-trasferable punishments to persuade agents to reveal their private information. The designer faces a dilemma – a punishment may induce a more correct choice, but its cost is socially wasteful. The efficient mec...