The control performance of the reluctance actuator maglev system is seriously affected by inherent nonlinearities (e.g. hysteresis, eddy current, flux leakage, etc.) and external disturbances. To this end, paper proposes an enhanced unknown dynamics estimator (USDE)-based sliding mode (USDE-SMC) method a novel predictive-adaptive switching (PAS) controller (USDE-SMC-PAS). First, USDE incorporat...

introduction: to cope with novel changes, organizations must think beyond environmental compatibility and seek to take advantage of potential opportunities. a paradigm for this is the enhancement of organizational flexibility, speed, quality, and agility. human resources are the most important tool for enhancement of organizational agility and the most valuable asset of each organization and co...