The mortality rate caused by organophosphate (OP) poisoning is still high, even the standard treatment such as atropine and oxime improves a lot. To search for alternative therapies, this study was aimed to investigate the effects of packed red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in acute OP poisoning, and compare the therapeutic effects of RBCs at different storage times.Patients diagnosed with OP po...

Organophosphate pesticides are used extensively worldwide, and poisoning by these agents, particularly in developing nations is a public health problem. Organophosphorous nerve agents are still considered as potential threat in both military or terrorism situations. The mechanism of toxicity is the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, resulting in accumulation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholi...

INCE 1933 when CRABTREE and CRAMER first reported that anaerobiosis S decreased the effects of radium treatment on cancerous tumors, there have been numerous reports on the recovery of living cells, both animal and plant, from the effects of ionizing radiations. LEA (1945) and GRAY (1952) have reviewed the literature concerning these effects. An excellent area for the study of these effects has...

Because sulfonylureas directly activate the exocytotic machinery, we were interested in the extent to which these compounds penetrate the beta-cell plasma membrane and the underlying molecular mechanism(s). We now provide evidence that sulfonylureas cross phospholipid bilayer membranes rapidly and effectively by a free-diffusion mechanism. Two sulfonylurea compounds investigated by 1H nuclear m...

In the course of experimentation with various tissue fixations other than Os04 it was noticed that mixtures containing chromium compounds showed considerable promise. Therefore the fixation characteristics of three such compounds, CrC13, K2Cr~07 and Cr08 (the anhydride of H2Cr04), were systematically investigated. Although the action of all three was essentially similar, CrO~ proved to be the m...

Assay of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity plays an important role in diagnostic, detection of pesticides and nerve agents, in vitro characterization of toxins and drugs including potential treatments for Alzheimer's disease. These experiments were done in order to determine whether indoxylacetate could be an adequate chromogenic reactant for AChE assay evaluation. Moreover, the results were...

Organochlorine compounds are known to be atmospherically transported to long distances from their original sources. To understand the influence of California's Sierra Nevada range on the air transport and subsequent distribution pattern of some of these residues within the range, we have chosen salmonid fish as an indicator species. Fish were collected from 10 locations throughout the northern ...

Perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) is an industrial chemical and belongs to the group of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). It has recently been shown to cause developmental neurobehavioral defects in mammals. These compounds are commonly used in products such as surfactant and protective coating due to their ability to repel water- and oil stains. PFCs are globally found in the environment as wel...

In this study, we report the case of a 59-year-old male patient with organophosphate pesticide poisoning. He visited local emergency medical center after ingesting 250 ml pesticide. The patient's symptoms improved initial intravenous infusion pralidoxime 5 g and atropine 0.5 mg. However, 18 hours admission, there was worsening symptoms. A high dose administered to improve muscarinic total 5091....