regarding the nature of non-linear discrete placement, and in order to determine the optimal capacity of the substation, the goal in the present study will be a number of local optimum points. in this research, the problem of optimal placement posts to reduce power losses by considering distributed generation (dg). in formulating the objective function, geographical distribution density in the ...

this article is investigating the town and country planning in austria. although according to new definitions spatial planning in austria has been started during fifties and sixties of the twentieth century, the issue has been set seriously on the l?nder's agenda of planning as the main authorities since establishing austrian conference on regional planning (?rok) in 1971.the programs impl...

In this paper we develop a model for a capacitated production/ distribution network of general (but acyclic) topology with a general bill of materials, as considered in MRP (Material Requirement Planning) or DRP (Distribution Requirement Planning) systems. This model assumes stationary, deterministic demand rates and a standard stationary cost structure; it is a generalization of the uncapacita...

In the electrical distribution network, reactive power compensation aims at guarantying an efficient delivery of active power to loads, releasing system capacity, reducing system losses, and improving system power factor and bus voltage profile. The achievement of these aims depends on the sizing and location of shunt capacitors (sources of reactive power). Operational, economical and quality o...

abstract: one the most important problems in recent sensitive loads is the quality of voltage. for this challenge custom power devices are used in distribution systems. dynamic voltage restorer (dvr) is a custom power device that improves voltage, decrease power distortion, filter harmonics and balance distributed generations (dgs) with low voltage distribution system. in this paper, a new algo...

When massive Electric Vehicle (EV) charging stations are integrated into the power grid, the local distribution network will be dramatically affected. Therefore, a scientific and rational planning of the Power Distribution Network Structure (PDNS) should take full account of the integration of EV Charging Station (EVCS). In order to solve this problem, firstly, the objective function of PDNS is...

If there are grey variables in the constraint conditions in uncertain programming, the programming is called grey chance constrained programming. In this paper we provide the concept of grey chance constrained programming. When the whitenization weight functions of grey variables are known and the distribution functions are constructed, we studied the certainty equivalence solution of grey chan...

In developing countries, power system planning faces nowadays enormous challenges and various problems as, for example, future load growth in the face of uncertainties associated with future load forecasting, the constraints imposed on investment, the type and availability of fuel for the generating units, the need for consolidating dispersed electric utilities in the isolated regions as a prer...

This paper describes optimal reactive power control of a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), which is widely used in a distributed generating plant. Although its structure is similar to that of induction motors, its reactive power control is more complicated. In this paper, steady-state power transfer equations are derived and developed for a doubly fed structure of the induction generators....

This paper describes optimal reactive power control of a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), which is widely used in a distributed generating plant. Although its structure is similar to that of an induction motor, its reactive power control is more complicated. In this paper, steady-state power transfer equations are derived and developed for a doubly fed structure of the induction generator...