Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been applied to plant virology since 2009. NGS provides highly efficient, rapid, low cost DNA, or RNA high-throughput sequencing of the genomes of plant viruses and viroids and of the specific small RNAs generated during the infection process. These small RNAs, which cover frequently the whole genome of the infectious agent, are 21-24 nt long and are known a...

Resistance to Soybean mosaic virus (SMV; Genus Potyvirus; Family Potyviridae) is controlled by single dominant genes at three distinct loci, Rsv1, Rsv3 and Rsv4, in soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.). SMV isolates are classified into pathotypes G1 through G7 based on the differential reactions on resistant soybean cultivars. Most SMV isolated in the USA is of the G1 to G3 pathotypes. Since the cu...

The characterization of natural recessive resistance genes and virus-resistant mutants of Arabidopsis have implicated translation initiation factors of the 4E family [eIF4E and eIF(iso)4E] as susceptibility factors required for virus multiplication and resistance expression. To date, viruses controlled by these genes mainly belong to the family Potyviridae. Melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV) belo...

TAXONOMY Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) is an aphid-transmitted plant virus belonging to the genus Potyvirus, family Potyviridae, with a positive sense RNA genome. PRSV isolates belong to either one of two major strains, P or W. The P strains infect both papaya and cucurbits whereas the W strains infect only cucurbits. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION PRSV-P is found in all major papaya-growing areas....

Viral coat proteins function in virion assembly and virus biology in a tightly coordinated manner with a role for virtually every amino acid. In this study, we demonstrated that the coat protein (CP) of Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV; genus Tritimovirus, family Potyviridae) is unusually tolerant of extensive deletions, with continued virion assembly and/or systemic infection found after extens...

A series of serial passages of Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV) was performed in winter wheat under greenhouse conditions to examine the dynamics of sequence variation in the TriMV population. The variation within the protein 1 (P1) and the coat protein (CP) of TriMV was assessed by single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) assay, followed by nucleotide sequencing. Three lineages were estab...

Wild carrot (Daucus carota) grows in a wide range of temperate climates around the world, far beyond its native origins Mediterranean and Asia. Furthermore, it can serve as an alternative host source inoculum for variety plant pathogens (Randa-Zelyüt 2022). In province Çanakkale, which is located Southern Marmara region Turkey has intensive agriculture, symptoms including mosaic leaf deformatio...

The intercellular movement of plant viruses requires both viral and host proteins. Previous studies have demonstrated that the frame-shift protein P3N-PIPO (for the protein encoded by the open reading frame [ORF] containing 5'-terminus of P3 and a +2 frame-shift ORF called Pretty Interesting Potyviridae ORF and embedded in the P3) and CYLINDRICAL INCLUSION (CI) proteins were required for potyvi...

The P1 protein of viruses of the family Potyviridae is a serine proteinase, which is highly variable in length and sequence, and its role in the virus infection cycle is not clear. One of the proposed activities of P1 is to assist HCPro, the product that viruses of the genus Potyvirus use to counteract antiviral defense mediated by RNA silencing. Indeed, an HCPro-coding region is present in all...