Abstract The classical concept of collisional orogens suggests that mountain belts form as a crustal wedge between the downgoing and overriding plates. However, this orogenic style is not compatible with presence (ultra-)high pressure mantle rocks far from plate interface in Bohemian Massif Central Europe. Here we use comparison geological observations thermo-mechanical numerical models to expl...

Abstract A plagioclase megacryst containing composite crystal-glass inclusions was ejected in a Pliocene basaltic diatreme the Carpathian back-arc basin (Pannonian Basin). The grew from phonolitic melt, relics of which are preserved inclusions. Most pristine melt has undergone substantial compositional resetting by interaction with several batches low-viscosity carbonated, P-rich melilitite inf...

The Man Craton in West Africa hosts two clusters of highly micaceous kimberlites at Koidu and Tonguma with mineralogical geochemical features transitional towards those cratonic lamproites. To develop a better understanding the genesis these peculiar rocks, which have also been documented elsewhere (e.g., South Africa, China, Russia, India), we undertaken isotopic study representative fresh sam...

The eruptions of Campi Flegrei (Southern Italy), one the most studied and dangerous active volcanic areas world, are fed by mildly potassic alkaline magmas, from shoshonite to trachyte phonotrachyte. Petrological investigations carried out in past decades on rocks provide crucial information for understanding differentiation processes its magmatic system. However, compositional features a palim...

Accurately reconstructing the scale and timing of dynamic processes, such as Middle-Late Pleistocene explosive volcanism rapid climatic changes, requires rigorous independent chronological constraints. In this framework, study distal volcanic ash layers, or tephra, transported deposited over wide regions during eruptions, is increasingly being recognised a fundamental chronostratigraphic tool f...

Certain alteration minerals are used to identify the hydrothermally altered rocks. In volcanic rocks, mainly potassic, phyllic (sericitic), propylitic, argillic alteration and silicification are observed. The role of remote sensing in alteration mapping is the differentiation of the minerals that are unique for different alteration types. In this study, Landsat TM 5 images are used. General alt...