We tested the hypothesis that cooling the extradural space may provoke shivering, by giving three 80-ml extradural injections of warm (39.8 +/- 1.2 degrees C) or cold (17 +/- 2.2 degrees C) saline to four healthy volunteers, whilst recording central temperature and electromyographic activity from four muscles. The first injection (always cold) did not induce shivering in any of the subjects. Th...

Shivering related to spinal and epidural anesthesia is distressing to parturient women as it may cause cardiovascular and metabolic disturbances. Shivering increases cardiac output and causes tachycardia; also, hypothermia-induced shivering increases total body oxygen consumption and could cause hypoxemia. These effects may place mothers and the fetuses at the greatest risk during delivery. The...

BACKGROUND The optimum dose of dexmedetomidine for shivering control with the least hemodynamic derangements is still under research. OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy, hemodynamic and side effects of dexmedetomidine in 3 different doses with those of meperidine for the treatment of shivering in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia for minor elective lower abdominal surgery. STUDY DESIGN P...

Without mentioning chronic pain, acute postoperative pain has been regarded as a matter of great concern to patients as well as physicians. The 'Pain as the Fifth Vital Sign' initiative may have helped make its control of primary importance in the perioperative management of surgical patients [1]. Extensive literature has demonstrated the benefits of effective postoperative pain control includi...

BACKGROUND Shivering during spinal anesthesia is a frequent complication and is induced by the core-to-peripheral redistribution of heat. Nefopam has minimal side effects and prevents shivering by reducing the shivering threshold. Electroacupuncture is known to prevent shivering by preserving the core body temperature. We compared the efficacies of electroacupuncture and nefopam for the prevent...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, potency and side effects of clonidine as compared to tramadol in post spinal anaesthesia shivering. In this double blind comparative study, 90 American Society Anaesthesiologists grade I & II patients aged between 18-35 years scheduled for elective LSCS under spinal anaesthesia who subsequently developed shivering intra operatively were select...

background: in most operating and recovery rooms, shivering is controlled by the use of humidifiers, warming blankets, and inhalation of humidified heated oxygen. however, pharmacological control is an effective alternative treatment modality. this study was designed to compare the efficacy of tramadol versus meperidine in the treatment of shivering after spinal anesthesia. methods: in a double...