Richard Posner’s Catastrophe: Risk and Response (Oxford, 2004) examines four risks whose worst cases could end advanced human civilization or worse: asteroid impacts, a catastrophic chain reaction initiated in high-energy particle accelerators, global climate change, and bio-terrorism. He argues that these all warrant more thought and response than they are receiving, and that they can usefully...

Learning through visual exploration often requires orienting of attention to meaningful information in a cluttered world. Previous work has shown that attention modulates visual cortex activity, with enhanced activity for attended targets and suppressed activity for competing inputs, thus enhancing the visual experience. Here we examined the idea that learning may be engaged differentially with...

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar possibilidades de transpor para as salas aula Ciências e Matemática da Educação Básica adaptação do modelo atencional Posner em favor aprendizagem dos estudantes. Na presente investigação bibliográfica, esse movimento instigou, inclusive, a revisitar o desenvolvimento epistemológico atenção, mostrando como os modelos desenvolvidos por especialistas psicolo...

BACKGROUND In Posner-Schlossman syndrome (PSS), which is characterized by recurrent unilateral attacks of ocular hypertension. Surgical treatment is sometimes necessary because intraocular pressure (IOP) cannot be controlled with anti-glaucoma medications. To identify the clinical features of Posner-Schlossman syndrome (PSS) indicative of the need for intraocular pressure (IOP)-controlling surg...

Cognitive functions such as numerical processing and spatial attention show varying degrees of lateralization. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can be used to investigate how modulating cortical excitability affects performance of these tasks. This study investigated the effect of bi-parietal tDCS on numerical processing, spatial and sustained attention. It was hypothesized that t...

1. Alvine FG, Schurrer ME: Postoperative ulnar-nerve palsy: Are there predisposing factors? J Bone Joint Surg Am 1987; 6’3255-9 2. Perreault L, Drolet P, Faffley J: Ulnar nerve palsy at the elbow after general anesthesia. Can J Anaesth 1992; 39:499-503 3. Stoelting RK: Postoperative ulnar nerve palsy: Is it a preventable complication? Anesth Analg 1993; 76:7-9 4. Kroll DA, Caplan RA, Posner K, ...

Although attention bias towards threat has been causally implicated in the development and maintenance of fear and anxiety, the expected associations do not appear consistently. Reliance on a single task to capture attention bias, in this case overwhelmingly the dot-probe task, may contribute to this inconsistency. Comparing across attentional bias measures could help capture patterns of behavi...

When a cue is presented at a location (Fig. 1a), orienting efficacy towards that location is improved relative to other locations (“attentional capture”), but only briefly; a mere few hundred milliseconds later, orienting incurs large costs. These costs have been classically termed “inhibition of return” (IOR), alluding to voluntary, cognitive strategies avoiding perseverance at one location. H...