BACKGROUND Intermittent positive pressure ventilation applied through a nasal mask has been shown to be useful in the treatment of chronic respiratory insufficiency. Pressure support ventilation is an assisted mode of ventilation which is being increasingly used. Invasive ventilation with intermittent positive pressure, with or without positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP), has been found to ...

BACKGROUND Domiciliary assisted ventilation, using negative or positive pressure devices, is an effective treatment for respiratory failure due to chest wall deformity and neuromuscular disease. Negative pressure ventilators have been used with some success in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease in hospital, but attempts to continue treatment at home have been disappointing. This stu...

We saw a patient who presented with carbon dioxide narcosis and acute respiratory failure due to an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We intubated and 12 hours later he had recovered consciousness and could cooperate with noninvasive ventilation, at which point we extubated and used a helmet to provide noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation in assist/control mode, and th...

We saw a patient who presented with carbon dioxide narcosis and acute respiratory failure due to an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We intubated and 12 hours later he had recovered consciousness and could cooperate with noninvasive ventilation, at which point we extubated and used a helmet to provide noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation in assist/control mode, and th...

A 4.2-kg full-term male infant underwent treatment of acute respiratory distress as a result of gross bilateral pneumothoraces, pneumomediastinum and interstitial emphysema. When a trial of continuous positive airway pressure failed conventional intermittent positive pressure ventilation was instituted, but this also failed to achieve satisfactory ventilation at a respiratory frequency of 60 b....

Dynamic preload assessment tests, especially pulse pressure variation (PPV) and stroke volume variation (SVV), are increasingly acknowledged in mechanically ventilated patients as being predictors of fluid responsiveness. However, the limitations of this method are often neglected or overlooked. One of the prerequisites for PPV and SVV evaluation, in addition to intermittent positive pressure v...

Chest 1976; 69:722-28 3 Smith BA, Kirby RR, Cooding JM, Civetta JM. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) by face mask. Crit Care Med 1980; 8:483-85 4 Braun NMT. Nocturnal ventilation-a new method. Am Rev Respir Dis 1987; 135:523-24 5 Kerby GR, Mayer LS, Pingelton SK. Nocturnal positive pressure ventilation via nasal mask. Am Rev Respir Dis 1987; 135:738-40 6 Ellis ER, Bye PTP, Bruderer JW...

INTRODUCTION This is the first report to describe the feasibility and effectiveness of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in the secondary treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. CASE PRESENTATION A former male preterm of Caucasian ethnicity delivered at 29 weeks gestation developed severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia. At the age of six months he was in permanent tachypnea and dyspnea a...

During noninvasive bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) ventilation it is found that several times patients are unable to maintain oxygen saturation and develop breathing difficulty despite its high setting and high oxygen flow, further management requires invasive positive pressure mechanical ventilation. Increasing oxygen concentration inside the BiPAP mask using nasal cannula with additi...

BACKGROUND Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation is frequently prescribed to obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and obesity hypoventilation syndrome. However, mechanical ventilation with a positive end-expiratory pressure can induce or worsen a right-to-left shunt through a patent foramen ovale associated with systemic hypoxemia. Thus, in obese patients treated with noninv...