Promising serves as an important commitment mechanism by operating on a potential cheater’s internal value system. We present experimental evidence on what motivates people to keep their promises. First, they feel that they are duty-bound to keep their promises regardless of whether promisees expect them to (promising per se effect). Second, they care about not disappointing promisees’expectati...

Previous studies on the Politeness Effect show that using politeness strategies in tutorial feedback can have a positive impact on learning (McLaren et al. 2010; Wang and Johnson 2008; Wang et al. 2005). While prior research efforts tried to uncover the mechanism through which the politeness strategies impact the learner, the results were inconclusive. Further, it is unclear how the politeness ...

In this paper we argue that the business model underlying the new economy is based on the following interrelated and self-reinforcing forces: 1. The development of a new strategy of opportunity, which focuses on the use of creative innovation to open up new market spaces, rather than using exploitive innovation to prolong the life of

Emotional strategies have been well discussed in the face-to-face negotiation, but few studies have explored its application in the electronic negotiation system (ENS). The popularity of enegotiation has made this issue critical not only to commercial negotiators or businesses, but to the researchers who studied negotiations and developers of ENS. Aiming to reveal the relationships between the ...

This paper analyses some of the forces that are changing the spatial distribution of activity in the world economy. It draws on the 'new economic geography' literature to argue the importance of increasing returns to scale and cumulative causation processes in shaping the productivity and comparative advantage of different regions. In the presence of such increasing returns there may be persist...

In this paper we present a computer assisted language learning (CALL) system that is developed to practice grammar in spoken language. To enable this, the system uses Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) to process the L2 learner’s responses. We investigate the possibility of providing corrective feedback (CF) on learner errors, and compare that with self-monitored language learning through outpu...

This paper analyzes the determinants of life satisfaction in a pooled data set of representative individual survey data from seven East European countries collected during the early phase of economic and political transformation using ordered logit models. Those core sociodemographic and economic variables known to be relevant from studies on the US and West European countries (u-shaped age eff...

Introduction 1 A Primer on Retrieval-Based Learning 2 Direct Versus Mediated Effects of Retrieval Practice 2 Balancing Retrieval Success and Retrieval Effort 4 Theories of Retrieval-Based Learning 5 Transfer-Appropriate Processing 5 Strength and Retrieval Effort 5 Elaborative Retrieval Account 6 Episodic Context Account 7 Manipulations of Initial Retrieval Practice Conditions 7 Retrieval Practi...

This article shows – on both conceptual and empirical grounds the importance of business cycles in affecting key relationships between innovation and international performance. While periods of upswing are characterised by a well documented „virtuous circle‟ between innovation inputs, new products and export success, during downswings most of the positive relationships and feedbacks tend to bre...