Despite much effort to decrease food intake by altering portion sizes, "super-sized" meals are the preferred choice of many. This research investigated the extent to which individuals can be subtly incentivized to choose smaller portion sizes. Three randomized experiments (2 in the lab and 1 in the field) established that individuals' choice of full-sized food portions is reduced when they are ...

The characterization of respiratory air flow patterns is a subject of continuous interest. The pattern of the air flow curve is an individual characteristic which remains constant over long periods of time. Basically two different approaches have been proposed to determine the individual parameters of the respiratory flow, namely the graphical characterization, which originated from visual indi...

Human breath is the gaseous exchange with the blood and thus contains trace organic contaminants and metabolites representative of environmental doses. Sampling and analysis of gaseous components in human breath offers a noninvasive and quick means of qualitatively and quantitatively assessing internalized doses of environmental contaminants. Although the humid and complex nature of breath is a...

This study assesses the operational feasibility and validity of a unique telephone-administered 24-h dietary recall methodology. Dietary interviews were conducted by telephone with 204 low-income elderly subjects. Food portion size estimation was done using a two-dimensional food portion visual aid the that was mailed to respondents' homes. The mean intakes and distributions of nine nutrients a...

BACKGROUND Obesity is a global health crisis, and portion control is a key method for reducing excess body weight. Given consumers' familiarity with large portion sizes, reducing portion sizes can be difficult. Smaller plates are often recommended to reduce portion sizes and appear to reduce portion sizes. However, there are no studies evaluating dishes specifically designed to facilitate porti...

OBJECTIVE The "unit bias" has been proposed as an explanation for the portion-size effect; people consider a single unit to be an appropriate amount to eat and thus eat more when served a larger unit than when served a smaller unit. We suggest that the unit bias might be better characterized as a "segmentation effect," such that people eat less when a unit of food is separated into smaller subu...

Portion sizes of many foods have increased in recent times. In three studies we examined the effect that repeated visual exposure to larger versus smaller food portion sizes has on perceptions of what constitutes a normal-sized food portion and measures of portion size selection. In studies 1 and 2 participants were visually exposed to images of large or small portions of spaghetti bolognese, b...

inguinal bladder hernia is a rare clinical condition, with 1–3% of all inguinal hernias involving the bladder. any portion of the bladder may herniate, from a small portion or a diverticulum to most of the bladder. we present a 55-year-old male with an intermittent right scrotal mass of 6 months’ duration. the mass lesion protruded through the right inguinal canal before voiding and reduced aft...

BACKGROUND Wine glass size can influence both perceptions of portion size and the amount poured, but its impact upon purchasing and consumption is unknown. This study aimed to examine the impact of wine glass size on wine sales for on-site consumption, keeping portion size constant. METHODS In one establishment (with separate bar and restaurant areas) in Cambridge, England, wine glass size (S...

BACKGROUND Worldwide, herbs and spices are much used food flavourings. However, little data exist regarding actual dietary intake of culinary herbs and spices. We developed a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for the assessment of habitual diet the preceding year, with focus on phytochemical rich food, including herbs and spices. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the intakes of herb...