Typhoid disease or salmonellosis is a common sickness in horses. In several epidemiological studies inhospitalized horses, several serotypes of Salmonella often are predominant in nosocomial infections.Transportation, overcrowding, dehydration, oral antimicrobial therapy and infections are the risk factorswhich may activate latent or subclinical salmonellosis. In this study, t...

As accountability policies have proliferated and evolved in a number of organizational fields, recent scholarship sociology has paid close attention to the ways that forced tight coupling variety organizations. Fewer studies examine efforts at ceremonial conformity organizations may use buffer internal practices from institutional pressures, or how their actors might attempt engage under newer ...

We have investigated the genetic evolution of three functionally distinct regions of the equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) genome (env, rev, and long terminal repeat) during recurring febrile episodes in a pony experimentally infected with a well-characterized reference biological clone designated EIAV(PV). Viral populations present in the plasma of an EIAV(PV)-infected pony during sequenti...

The aim of this analysis is to assess the genetic diversity in the black-coated Asturcón pony population using genealogical and molecular methods in order to ascertain the possible impact of the inclusion of the bay Asturcón individuals on the breed's recovery programme. Pedigree information registered in the studbook of the black-coated Asturcón (including a total of 1080 individuals) was anal...

The Fell and Dales are rare native UK pony breeds at risk due to falling numbers, in-breeding, and inherited disease. Specifically, the lethal Mendelian recessive disease Foal Immunodeficiency Syndrome (FIS), which manifests as B-lymphocyte immunodeficiency and progressive anemia, is a substantial threat. A significant percentage (∼10%) of the Fell ponies born each year dies from FIS, compromis...