Abstract We prove decomposition theorems for sparse positive (semi)definite polynomial matrices that can be viewed as sparsity-exploiting versions of the Hilbert–Artin, Reznick, Putinar, and Putinar–Vasilescu Positivstellensätze. First, we establish a matrix P ( x ) with chordal sparsity is semidefinite all $$x\in \mathbb {R}^n$$ <mml:mr...

This article considers the extension of V. A. Markov’s theorem for polynomial derivatives to polynomials with unit bound on the closed unit ball of any real normed linear space. We show that this extension is equivalent to an inequality for certain directional derivatives of polynomials in two variables that have unit bound on the Chebyshev nodes. We obtain a sharpening of the Markov inequality...

We prove an inequality for polynomials applied in a symmetric way to non-commuting operators.

We use Turán type inequalities to give new non-asymptotic bounds on the extreme zeros of orthogonal polynomials in terms of the coefficients of their three term recurrence. Most of our results deal with symmetric polynomials satisfying the three term recurrence pk+1 = xpk − ckpk−1, with a nondecreasing sequence {ck}. As a special case they include a non-asymptotic version of Máté, Nevai and Tot...

We study a variant of the classical transportation problem in which suppliers with limited capacities have a choice of which demands (markets) to satisfy. We refer to this problem as the transportation problem with market choice (TPMC). While the classical transportation problem is known to be strongly polynomial-time solvable, we show that its market choice counterpart is strongly NP-complete....

Bansal and Kianfar introduced continuous multi-mixing set where the coefficients satisfy the so-called n-step MIR conditions and developed facet-defining inequalities for this set. In this paper, we first generalize their inequalities for the continuous multi-mixing set with general coefficients (where no conditions are imposed on the coefficients) and show that they are facetdefining in many c...