background: gap-junctional intercellular communication (gjic) is implicated in physicological processes and it is vitally important for granulosa cell (gc) differentiation and oocyte growth. we investigated the expression of connexin 43 (cx43), a gap junctional protein, in normal and androstenedione-induced polycystic ovary (pco), the effects of androstenedione on cx43 expression, gjic and prog...

In 1935 Stein and Leventhal described seven hirsute and infertile women with amenorrhoea or oligomenorrhoea in whom bilateral cystic ovarian enlargement was found at laparotomy' and thereby gave their names to a polycystic ovarian disorder. Since then, however, the protean manner of clinical presentation and the variability of biochemical changes in patients with this condition have led some pe...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinophaty disorder that affecting reproductive aged women [1]; it becomes frequently manifest during early reproductive age [2]. It is a heterogeneous disorder, with multiple reproductive, cosmetic and metabolic complexities which is characterized by dysfunction in ovulation and clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism and the presence of polycy...

In the polycystic ovary syndrome, women may suffer from a variety of symptoms and also have a variety of different physical signs, all of which can be due to a number of different causes. It is therefore important not to regard the polycystic ovary syndrome as a diagnosis or disease in itself but, instead, as the start of a search to find the underlying cause of the symptoms and problems. Treat...

This is in reference to your Missed periods [2] Q&A. Another cause of missed or late periods is PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome). A lot of health care providers don't seem to be aware of this syndrome. In this syndrome, missed or irregular periods are caused by unusual hormone levels, sometimes in combination with insulin intolerance. Because missed and irregular periods cause scar tissue build...

The treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is based on the patient's presenting symptoms and any significant abnormal findings. Symptoms can be managed with combined oral contraceptives (OCs), insulin-sensitizing agents, antiandrogens, and medications used to induce ovulation. Here we detail the various treatment options. We also discuss screening for and monitoring of the long-term heal...

Objective: To evaluate the effect of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), a mucolytic drug with insulin sensitizing properties, as an adjuvant therapy in subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) resistant to clomiphene citrate (CC). Design: Placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized trial. Setting: University-based hospital and private infertility practice. Patient(s): One hundred fifty women diagno...

PCOS is one of the commonest endocrinopathies in women, affecting 5–10% of women in the reproductive age worldwide.9 The prevalence tends to vary depending on ethnicity and the criteria used to define PCOS. In the United States, prevalence rates of 5–10% have been quoted. PCOS also appears to be commoner in MexicanAmerican than White or African-American women.10 It has also been reported that p...

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a complex endocrine disorder of hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction that presents with anovulation, hirsutism and infertility. Women with PCOS have increased risk for developing NIDDM, dyslipidemia and premature cardiovascular disease. Because of its vague presentation and potential for numerous complications, PCOS should be evaluated carefully. Unfortunately, there ...

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogenous disorder [1] characterized by oligoanovulation with clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenemia [2]. 5-10% of women in reproductive age group are affected [3]. The estimated prevalence of polycystic ovaries as diagnosed by ultrasonography in normal population is more than 20% [4-6]. PCOS has been said to be a spectrum disease with asymptomatic po...