A transhydrogenase that catalyzes the oxoacid-dependent oxidation of specific hydroxyacids has been found in rat kidney, liver, and brain. The hydroxyacids that have been found to be substrates for this enzyme are gamma-hydroxybutyrate, D-alpha-hydroxyglutarate, and L-beta-hydroxybutyrate. The oxoacids that are the best substrates for this enzyme are alpha-ketoglutarate and succinic semialdehyd...

Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a biogenic polymer that has the potential to substitute synthetic plastic in numerous applications. This due its unique attribute of being biodegradable and biocompatible thermoplastic, achievable through microbial fermentation from broad utilizable range renewable resources. Among all PHAs discovered, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB-co-4HB)] st...

Batch culture of Ralstonia eutropha using the recycled gas closed circuit culture system was conducted in order to develop a practical fermentation system for industrial autotrophic culture for poly (hydroxybutrate) production. The gas phase of the culture system consisted of substrate gas so that gases in this culture could be recycled as long as the amount of the gas consumed would be repleni...

Abstract Two polyester-lignite composite coated urea slow-release fertilizers (SRFs; Poly3 and Poly5) were developed their physicochemical properties studied. Both these SRFs significantly (p < 0.05) extended the release compared to uncoated urea; Poly5 by 117 172 h, respectively. The characteristics of further enhanced linseed oil application (Poly5-linseed). SEM images demonstrated coating...

Biopolymers are a promising alternative to petroleum-based plastic raw materials. They bio-based, non-toxic and degradable under environmental conditions. In addition the homopolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), there number of co-polymers that have broad range applications easier process in comparison PHB. The most prominent representative from this group bio-copolymers is poly(3-hydroxybuty...