Whilst existing civil society studies generally fail to systematically examine the way that contextual factors shape women’s representation in the civil sphere, political science has predominantly focused on legislative settings. This article responds to the resultant knowledge-gap by examining the hitherto underexplored role of civil society as a political space integral to the substantive rep...

There are many reasons for the health inequities that we see around the world today. Public policy and the way society organises its affairs affects the economic, social and physical factors that influence the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age - the social determinants of health. Tackling health inequities is a political issue that requires leadership, political cour...

political participation is an indication of democracy and political development and legitimacy in different societies. the more participation in a society occurs, the more legitimacy a political system will have. so, the efforts of iranian political system are toward increasing people’s political participation rate. since half of the iranian world consists of women, a survey on the factors affe...

Building toilets and getting people to use them is critical for public health. We deployed a political ecology approach specifically to identify the multi-scalar political, economic, and environmental factors influencing toilet adoption in rural India. The research used ethnographic and technical methods in rural villages of West Bengal and Himachal Pradesh over the period September 2012 to May...

This study explores female city council member political ambition to run for mayor. Women who hold mayoral office are potentially more competitive for higher elected office at the state and federal level. This study is based on a survey sent to Texas city council members in cities over 30,000. Forty-one percent of respondents said they would most likely run for mayor at some point, and we do fi...

the geographical scope of a dynasty and the selection of a capital as the center of its power can be considered as the essential factors in the establishment of a regime and its continuity; this matter seems to be neglected in the political structure of khwarazmshahi dynasty (598-628/1202-1231). the khwarazmshahi which were supposed to change into one of the greatest medieval dynasties led the ...

Received: 15 July 2008 Revised: 8 January 2010 Accepted: 12 February 2010 Online publication date: 24 June 2010 Abstract The international business (IB) literature has widely recognized political forces as major factors that complicate the strategic decisions of multinational enterprises (MNEs). Analyses by financial intermediaries can help to reduce the risk of information asymmetry caused by ...

Osafo-Kwaako, Philip, and Robinson, James A.—Political centralization in pre-colonial Africa In this paper we investigate the empirical correlates of political centralization using data from the Standard Cross-Cultural Sample. We specifically investigate the explanatory power of the standard models of Eurasian state formation which emphasize the importance of high population density, inter-stat...

In this paper, I study the impact of political risk on sovereign default. An extended model of Alesina and Tabellini (1990) shows that political instability increases the likelihood of default. To test the theoretical implication, a panel logit model is adopted to estimate the effect of political factors, along with other macroeconomic variables on the probability of default. Data from 68 count...

Recently political scientists have looked anew at the source of political preferences and find support for the heuristic that political attitudes and behaviors are influenced by endogenous factors. The present research attempts to characterize how the transmission of political orientations develops over the life course. Using longitudinal data collected on twins throughout childhood and adolesc...