Despite the presence of Medicare, out-of-pocket medical spending is a large expenditure risk facing the elderly. While women live longer than men, elderly women incur higher out-of-pocket medical spending than men at each age. In this paper, we examine whether differences in marital status and living arrangements can explain this difference. We find that out-of-pocket medical spending is approx...

741 National Tax Journal Vol. LIV, No. 4 Abstract Market–based health care reform proposals typically rely on 1) consumer choice among competing health plans, 2) premiums paid out–of–pocket for higher priced plans, and 3) a significant out– of–pocket premium–price elasticity of health plan choice. Section 125 of the Internal Revenue Code exempts employee out–of–pocket premiums from personal inc...

We report on a combined atomistic molecular dynamics simulation and implicit solvent analysis of a generic hydrophobic pocket-ligand (host-guest) system. The approaching ligand induces complex wetting-dewetting transitions in the weakly solvated pocket. The transitions lead to bimodal solvent fluctuations which govern magnitude and range of the pocket-ligand attraction. A recently developed imp...

Many patients find that their out-of-pocket costs of medications are burdensome. Physicians can help, first by remembering to ask about the problem, and then by applying simple strategies to limit the patient's costs.

In order to reduce a road monitoring cost, we propose a system to monitor extensively road condition by cyclists with a smartphone. In this paper, we propose two methods towards road monitoring. First is to classify road signals to four road conditions. Second is to extract road signal from a smartphone’s accelerometer in three positions: pants’ side pocket, chest pocket and a bag in a front ba...

With advanced technologies, computer devices have become smaller and powerful. As a result, many people enjoy ubiquitous learning using mobile devices such as Pocket PCs. Pocket PCs are easy to carry and use as a distance learning platform. In this paper, we focus on the issues of transferring the current PC based Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) to Pocket PC based. We will also ...

Carrier scatterings in the inversion channel of MOSFET dominates the carrier mobility and hence drain current. This paper presents an analytical model of the subthreshold drain current incorporating the effective electron mobility model of the pocket implanted nano scale n-MOSFET. The model is developed by assuming two linear pocket profiles at the source and drain edges at the surface and by u...

Many constructive methods use the pocket algorithm as a basic component in the training of multilayer perceptrons. This is mainly due to the good properties of the pocket algorithm confirmed by a proper convergence theorem which asserts its optimality. Unfortunately the original proof holds vacuously and does not ensure the asymptotical achievement of an optimal weight vector in a general situa...

This dictionary contains a vast amount of valuable information. There are over 40,000 terms used in medicine and the allied sciences. The appendix contains complete tables of arteries, nerves, muscles, chemical elements, hormones, micro-organisms, prefixes and suffixes, phobias, signs and symbols, etc., also dose lists of drugs and incompatibilities and a veterinary dose table, both in English ...