How plants perceive herbivory is not yet well understood. We investigated early responses of the model plant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) to attack from the generalist grasshopper herbivore, Schistocerca gregaria (Caelifera). When compared with wounding alone, S. gregaria attack and the application of grasshopper oral secretions (GS) to puncture wounds elicited a rapid accumulation of var...

Phytophagous pentatomid insects can negatively impact agricultural productivity and the brown marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys) is an emerging invasive pest responsible for damage to many fruit crops and ornamental plants in North America. Many phytophagous stink bugs, including H. halys, harbor gammaproteobacterial symbionts that likely contribute to host development, and characterizati...

Chest physiotherapy is an empirical technique used to help secretions to get out of the lung whenever stagnation occurs. Although commonly used, little is known about the inner mechanisms of chest physiotherapy and controversies about its use are coming out regularly. Thus, a scientific validation of chest physiotherapy is needed to evaluate its effects on secretions. We setup a quasi-static nu...

Secretions of three different glands (mandibular gland, labial gland, and Dufour's gland) of virgin queens of five bumblebee species (Bombus lucorum, B. lapidarius, B. hypnorum, B. pascuorum, and B. terrestris) were analysed. Around 200 compounds were identified in the secretions. The compositions of the secretions of labial and mandibular glands were species-specific. Dufour's gland of all spe...

Generalist herbivores feed on a wide array of plants and need to adapt to varying host qualities and defenses. One of the first insect derived secretions to come in contact with the plant is the saliva. Insect saliva is potentially involved in both the pre-digestion of the host plant as well as induction/suppression of plant defenses, yet how the salivary glands respond to changes in host plant...

PAGE ................................................................. INTRODUCTION 276 278 The 1915 series 278 The 1916 series ........................................................... 2% A3 Implantation of ovary in the presence of the testis.. ............................. Feminized drakes ............................................................. 285 GENERAL DISCUSSION ....................

Premise Floral rewards are essential in understanding floral function and evolution of the relationships between flowers pollinators. Whether sugars present stigmatic exudates Anthurium whether it has nectaries have remained controversial because scarcity structural studies. To solve these questions, we investigated anatomy A. andraeanum to elucidate (1) tepals secretory organs, (2) possess a s...

Introduction: Superficial cancers are one of the most common in humans and animals. The use maggot therapy as an alternative treatment is expanding has achieved great success treating superficial. Maggot extracts secretions have been also demonstrated to beneficial biological effects. present study aimed perform first systematic review maggot, well its extracts, neoplasms. Methods: In current s...

Genital mycoplasmosis in cows is a disease accompanied by latent course, which complicates its timely diagnosis and the appointment of specific treatment. This may lead to infertility. An obstacle introduction pathogens into epithelium mucous membrane variety defense mechanisms. A study state protective properties vaginal mucosa healthy mycoplasma-infected was carried out determining concentrat...

Cultured fibroblasts, derived from patients with the Hurler and Hunter syndromes, show defective degradation of sulfated mucopolysaccharide. The aberrant metabolism of Hurler cells can be corrected by secretions of fibroblasts of genotype other than Hurler, and similarly, the defect of Hunter cells can be corrected by secretions of fibroblasts of genotype other than Hunter. The active factors i...