Agrobacterium mediated transformation in nature is the cause of development diseases: crown galls and hairy roots. These neoplasms are transgenic tissues on a non-transgenic plant. However, nature, full-fledged GMOs arise, containing agrobacterial transgenes every cell transmitting them series sexual generations. plants called naturally or natural GMOs. Over past 3 years, list GMO species has b...

Abbas, H.K., Zablotowicz, R.M., Shier,W. T., Johnson, B. J., Phillips, N.A.,Weaver,M. A., Abel, C. A., and Bruns, H.A. 2015. Aflatoxin and fumonisin in corn (Zea mays) infected by common smut Ustilago maydis. Plant Dis. 99:1236-1240. Corn infected with Ustilago maydis (common smut) produces galls that are valued as a delicacy in some cultures. During a 4-year period, aflatoxin levels in asympto...

As a special phytopathogen, Agrobacterium tumefaciens infects a wide range of plant hosts and causes plant tumors also known as crown galls. The complexity of Agrobacterium-plant interaction has been studied for several decades. Agrobacterium pathogenicity is largely attributed to its evolved capabilities of precise recognition and response to plant-derived chemical signals. Agrobacterium perce...

Callus like galls were observed inside the stem of more than 5-year old papaya trees in Kerala, India. The bacterium Pantoea dispersa and fungus Fusarium spinosum isolated from these galls...

Among Australian fungus-feeding Thysanoptera, five new synonyms are recognised in Horistothrips Morgan, and among leaf-feeding species, three new synonyms are recognised in Teuchothrips Hood and one in Neocecidothrips Moulton. Horistothrips curviseta Girault is transferred to Neocecidothrips as the second species in that genus and its host-plant is identified. Cryptothrips additamentus Karny is...

The expression of cauliflower mosaic virus proteins was examined in crown gall tissue transformed by integration of virus genome DNA into plant host chromosomes by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transfer. Galls upon plants of species that support infection by virus particles as well as upon non-host plants were analysed by immunoblotting using antisera specific to proteins encoded by viral ...

Ecological processes that determine the abundance of species within ecological communities vary across space and time. These scale-dependent processes are especially important when they affect key members of a community, such as ecosystem engineers that create shelter and food resources for other species. Yet, few studies have examined the suite of processes that shape the abundance of ecosyste...

Widespread and common across much of the drier areas of western Africa, the woody shrub Guiera senegalensis (Combretaceae) is the sole member of its genus. Similarly widespread is Vuilletia houardi, a thrips species that induces galls on this shrub, and is recorded from Mali, Senegal, Gambia and northern Nigeria (Pitkin & Mound 1973). Moreover, large numbers of galls, together with their includ...

The knapweed nematode, Subanguina picridis, forms galls on the leaves, stems, and root collar of Russian knapweed, Acroptilon repens. After being revived from a dormant, cryptobiotic state, second-stage juveniles required at least 1 month in a free-living state before becoming infective. Galls were induced on relatively slow-growing host plants that retained their apical meristems at or near th...

E. E. Del Valle, P. Lax, J. Rondán Dueñas, and M. E. Doucet. 2013. Effects of insect cadavers infected by Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema diaprepesi on Meloidogyne incognita parasitism in pepper and summer squash plants. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(1):109-118. The effects of insect cadavers infected with three isolates of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and one isolate of Steinernema diaprep...