It is well established that some bacteria can suppress plant diseases through the expression of multiple mechanisms, including the direct inhibition of plant pathogens and the indirect induction of plant host resistance pathways (Kim et al., 2011). Because of this, microbes that form close associations with plants are the primary source of active ingredients in biopesticides for the control of ...

Powdery mildew, net blotch, scald, spot barley stripe, and leaf rust are important foliar fungal pathogens of barley. Fungal negatively affect the yield quality in plant. Virulence changes, which can occur various ways, may render resistant plants to susceptible ones. Factors such as mutation, population size random genetic drift, gene genotype flow, reproduction mating systems, selection impos...

Dithiocarbamate fungicides such as maneb and mancozeb are widely used nonsystemic protectant fungicides to control various plant fungal diseases. Dithiocarbamate fungicides should be frequently applied to achieve optimal efficacy of disease control and avoid either decline in effectiveness or wash-off from leaf surface. Dithiocarbamates are of low resistance risk but have the potential to cause...

Bioassays are frequently used by plant pathologists for studies related to disease resistance. fungicides, nematicides, and biocontrol agents. Their use was perfected with the development of chemical control agents. Bioassays were standardized as a result of cooperation among individuals. committees, industry and professional societies. Bioassays for biocontrol of plant disease have not been ex...

Plant diseases threaten both food security and the botanical diversity of natural ecosystems. Substantial research effort is focused on pathogen detection and control, with detailed risk management available for many plant diseases. Risk can be assessed using analytical techniques that account for disease pressure both spatially and temporally. We suggest that such technical assessments of dise...

Naturally occurring disease-suppressive soils have been documented in a variety of cropping systems, and in many instances the biological attributes contributing to suppressiveness have been identified. While these studies have often yielded an understanding of operative mechanisms leading to the suppressive state, significant difficulty has been realized in the transfer of this knowledge into ...

UNLABELLED During a screening for potential plant disease control actinomycetes, a total of 133 strains were isolated from Saharan soil samples of seven Algerian regions by dilution technique on chitin-vitamins agar medium. Screening for antagonistic properties using streak assay method showed that 25% of isolates demonstrated strong activities against a wide range of plant pathogenic fungi. Du...

Commercial sweet orange cultivars lack resistance to Huanglongbing (HLB), a serious phloem limited bacterial disease that is usually fatal. In order to develop sustained disease resistance to HLB, transgenic sweet orange cultivars 'Hamlin' and 'Valencia' expressing an Arabidopsis thaliana NPR1 gene under the control of a constitutive CaMV 35S promoter or a phloem specific Arabidopsis SUC2 (AtSU...

Naturally occurring disease-suppressive soils have been documented in a variety of cropping systems, and in many instances the biological attributes contributing to suppressiveness have been identified. While these studies have often yielded an understanding of operative mechanisms leading to the suppressive state, significant difficulty has been realized in the transfer of this knowledge into ...