Heterotrimeric G proteins have been shown to transmit ultraviolet B (UV-B) signals in mammalian cells, but whether they also transmit UV-B signals in plant cells is not clear. In this paper, we report that 0.5 W m(-2) UV-B induces stomatal closure in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) by eliciting a cascade of intracellular signaling events including Gα protein, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and ni...

background:  few clinical trials have studied the functional and cosmetic outcomes of different closure tech- niques of surgical incisions. skin wound and incision closure methods may influence the healing process and cos- metic outcome. the present study aims at comparing three different suture techniques of skin closure. methods: in a clinical trial, sixty patients with anterior cruciate liga...

[1] This study analyzes 27 cumuliform and stratiform clouds sampled aboard the CIRPAS Twin Otter during the 2004 International Consortium for Atmospheric Research on Transport and Transformation (ICARTT) experiment. The data set was used to assess cloud droplet closure using (1) a detailed adiabatic cloud parcel model and (2) a state-of-the-art cloud droplet activation parameterization. A uniqu...

Objective - The aims of this study were to determine the approximate radiographic closure time of the growth plates of the fore and hind limbs of Marghoz goat as a small breed of goat is distributed over the western and North-West of Iran near to the Turkey and Iraqi borders and to compare these closure times with those previously published.Design- Experimental studyAnimals- 20 heal...

To elucidate the early sequential morphogenetic progress of exencephaly and myeloschisis, rat embryos whose mothers had been treated with hypervitaminosis A were studied at 1-day interval from gestation day 10.5 to 15.5. In exposed animals sequential change was found in both exencephaly and myeloschisis as the embryos grew up. The 10.5-day old exencephalic embryos had still widely open cephalic...

Despite recent efforts to elucidate the regulation of stomatal movement, many components within the branched pathways of guard cell abscisic acid (ABA) signaling remain to be identified. Here, we show results supporting the involvement of nitric oxide (NO) as a new component of this signaling pathway. NO is a short life bioactive molecule first described as a toxic compound, but now recognized ...

in this paper, by presenting some notions and theorems, we obtaindifferent types of fuzzy topologies. in fact, we obtain somelowen-type  and chang-type fuzzy topologies on general fuzzyautomata. to this end, first we define a kuratowski fuzzy interioroperator which induces a  lowen-type  fuzzy topology on the  set ofstates of a max- min general   fuzzy automaton. also by  provingsome theorems, ...

An L-fuzzifying matroid is a pair (E, I), where I is a map from2E to L satisfying three axioms. In this paper, the notion of closure operatorsin matroid theory is generalized to an L-fuzzy setting and called L-fuzzifyingclosure operators. It is proved that there exists a one-to-one correspondencebetween L-fuzzifying matroids and their L-fuzzifying closure operators.