OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to compare the placental weight and birth weight/placental weight ratio for intrauterine growth-restricted and non-intrauterine growth-restricted monochorionic and dichorionic twins. METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of placentas from twin pregnancies. Placental weight and the birth weight/placental weight ratio were compared in intrauterin...

Placental vascular dysfunction was suggested to be critical for placental ischemia-initiated hypertension in preeclampsia, although the contributions of endothelium involved are unclear. The present study found, unlike non-placental vessels, acetylcholine showed no vasodilatation effect on placental vessels, indicating that endothelial-derived nitric oxide (NO) was extremely weak in placental v...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Plasmodium falciparum infection during pregnancy is characterised by placental inefficiency caused by infected erythrocyte sequestration. Reduced placental efficiency leads to placental intrauterine adaptation for sustaining fetal growth, which is reflected by changes in the expression of placental genes involved in intrauterine growth regulation. Therefore, we aimed t...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate placental volume and vascular indices in pregnancies with severe fetal growth restriction and determine their correlations to normal reference ranges and Doppler velocimetry results of uterine and umbilical arteries. METHODS Twenty-seven fetuses with estimated weights below the 3rd percentile for gestational age were evaluated. Placental volume and vascular indices, inc...

This paper reviews bovine placental development, anatomy (microscopic and gross), nomenclature and classification. The paper focuses on the biology of those specialized cells that arise from the outermost layer of very early embryos, the trophoblast cells, and on placental macrophages, cells that play a key role in fetal/placental defense. Data is presented from an immunohistochemical quantitat...

Plasmodium falciparum infection during pregnancy may cause placental malaria and subsequently low birth weight, primarily through the placental sequestration of infected red blood cells. Measuring the burden of malaria during pregnancy usually involves determining the prevalence of placental malaria infection through microscopic examination of placental blood films, a difficult and error-prone ...

background: division of human genetics (dhg) is a referral center for karyotyping and counseling to the couples as well as to the individuals referred with bad obstetric history and infertility. materials and methods: from 1972 to 2003, overall 1666 couples and 131 female partners with bad obstetric history (boh) such as; spontaneous abortions, live births with congenital malformations and stil...

presence of extra roots and canals should be considered before initiation of root canal treatment for the success of endodontic treatment. a mandibular second premolar with three separate roots is very rare and its prevalence has been reported to be around 0.1%. this case report explains non-surgical endodontic treatment of a mandibular second premolar with three separate roots and three separa...

Suboptimal placental growth and development are the underlying cause of many pregnancy complications. No treatments are available, primarily due to the risk of causing fetal teratogenicity. microRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNA sequences that regulate multiple downstream genes; miR-145 and miR675 have previously been identified as negative regulators of placental growth. In this proof of...