BACKGROUND Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a common complication following coronary bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Multi-factorial causes of CSA-AKI involve oxidative stress and inflammation. Erythropoietin (EPO) has been shown from many studies to have a reno-protective effect. The present study was conducted to examine the role of EPO in preventing CSA-AKI. METHODS...

Methods Patient blind, parallel group, randomised, controlled study of two study arm. 54 patients were given AST (GroupA) and control group of 57 patients given injection normal saline (placebo) (GroupB). AST/Placebo was given every week for 9 weeks and then followed-up for another 3 weeks. Levocetrizine was advised to be taken SOS in both groups. AU was diagnosed by autologous serum skin test....

The effect of single intravenous doses of metoclopramide (10 mg, 20 mg and 40 mg) have been compared with placebo (saline) in a double blind randomised study in 10 patients with tardive dyskinesia following long term neuroleptic therapy. Tardive dyskinesia rating scores were decreased significantly (P<0.01) 6 hours after administration of metoclopramide 20 mg and 40 mg when compared with placeb...

OBJECTIVE Patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) complain of long-lasting fatigue and pain which are not relieved by rest and worsened by physical exertion. Previous research has implicated metaboreceptors of muscles to play an important role for chronic fatigue and pain. Therefore, we hypothesized that blocking impulse input from deep tissues with intramuscular lidocaine injections would...

Rats were trained for multiple sessions in a place-conditioning shuttle-box to explore motivational interactions of mu and kappa opioid agonists, specifically fentanyl reward and spiradoline aversion. In Phase 1, groups of rats received various doses of mu or kappa agonists, or placebo, testing for preference or aversion. Group A always received saline SC before 15-minute sessions. Group B rece...

BACKGROUND Airway narrowing in acute bronchiolitis does not respond to inhaled bronchodilators but does to adrenaline when compared to bronchodilators. Influences of supportive care were not considered in previous treatment studies. METHODS Short term effects of nebulised adrenaline and saline placebo were compared in infants with moderately severe acute bronchiolitis. Thirty eight infants we...

BACKGROUND Acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AAWS) is encountered in patients presenting acutely to the Emergency Department (ED) and often requires pharmacologic management. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether a single dose of intravenous (i.v.) phenobarbital combined with a standardized lorazepam-based alcohol withdrawal protocol decreases intensive care unit (ICU) admission in ED patients w...

OBJECTIVE To determine if the use of an antifibrinolytic agent (epsilon aminocaproic acid [EACA]) decreased perioperative and postoperative blood loss in patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA). DESIGN A prospective, double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial. SETTING A university-affiliated tertiary care hospital with a large joint arthroplasty population. PARTICIPAN...

The somatostatin analog octreotide was administered to male and female Sprague-Dawley rats by subcutaneous injection for thirteen weeks at 0 (saline control), 0 (placebo control [mannitol and lactic acid; pH 4.2]), 1.25 mg/kg/day and 2.5 mg/kg/day to explore its potential effect on cutaneous vascular morphology. The placebo caused an increase in the incidence of intimal hyperplasia compared to ...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of submucous tramadol as adjuvant of mepivacaine with epinephrine in inferior alveolar nerve block. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial was conducted. Twenty healthy young volunteers were randomized into two treatment sequences using a series of random numbers. Sequence 1: Group A, 2% mepivacaine with 1:10...