forest canopy rainfall interception loss (i), canopy water storage (s), and the ratio of mean evaporation to mean rainfall intensity () are important components of the water balance in arid and semi-arid climate zones. the goal of this project was to quantify i and s and to evaluate the gash interception model for rainfall interception in a mature semi-arid pinus eldarica medw afforestation pla...

results the results of the study, using the two methods, showed that all methanol extracts of leaves and fruits of the six species possessed antioxidant activity. the antioxidant activity of the samples was compared with the antioxidant activities of butylatedhydroxytoluene (bht), as a synthetic antioxidant and α-tocopherol as a natural antioxidant. methanol extractions of pinus spp. leaves and...

BACKGROUND There is some evidence which suggests that areca nut chewing has a relationship with metabolic syndrome. Areca nut chewing is continue to increase and so is the metabolic syndrome which is a major cause of cardiovascular mortality in developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of raw areca nut and areca nut chewing with tobacco additives and metaboli...

The demand for alternate fuels used in the operation of I.C engine is met with CNSL (Cashew nut shell liquid) a by-product of cashew industry which is considered as an economically suitable for producing biodiesel. Cashew nut shell liquid is obtained from the hard cashew nut shell, cardinal a natural phenol obtained from the pyrolysis of CNSL at reduced pressure. The viscosity of the cardinal i...

BACKGROUND Areca nut is the fourth main psychoactive substance in the world. In India, tobacco is added to the quid and the commercially manufactured nonperishable forms of betel quid (pan masala or gutkha) are on the rise in the market. OBJECTIVE To find out the prevalence of areca nut among the rural residents of Sriperambudur Taluk. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A community-based survey using pre-...

BACKGROUND Areca nut chewing is associated with the risk of obesity, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, and cardiovascular mortality. Although a few case reports or case series have suggested the link between areca nut chewing and cardiac arrhythmias, information about the relationship between areca nut chewing and atrial fibrillation (AF) is lacking. Thus, a nationwide ecological study was cond...

BACKGROUND Areca nut is the seed of fruit oriental palm known as Areca catechu. Many adverse effects of nut chewing have been well documented in the medical literature. As these nuts are mixed with some other substances like tobacco and flavouring agents, it has been hypothesized that it might also cause some dependency symptoms among its users. Therefore, the objective of this study was to inv...

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the accumulation of excess collagen, and areca nut chewing has been proposed as an important etiological factor for disease manifestation. Activation of transforming growth factor-β signaling has been postulated as the main causative event for increased collagen production in OSF. Oral epithelium plays important ro...