Diclofenac sodium as ophthalmic dosage form is used in patients treatment of eye pain, swelling and redness recovering from cataract surgery but it faces the bioavailability limitation of eye drops due to effective protective mechanisms and corneal barrier functions in the eyes. Therefore, this investigation was aimed to develop ocular film formulations to achieve controlled drug release. Drug ...

Diclofenac sodium as ophthalmic dosage form is used in patients treatment of eye pain, swelling and redness recovering from cataract surgery but it faces the bioavailability limitation of eye drops due to effective protective mechanisms and corneal barrier functions in the eyes. Therefore, this investigation was aimed to develop ocular film formulations to achieve controlled drug release. Drug ...

Paraxial optics is sometimes known as the Gaussian optics. It is the simplest framework where optical systems are described. A great variety of textbooks in optics include specific chapters to the paraxial approximation of the geometrical optics. Other textbooks focused in geometrical optics propose that the paraxial treatment should be included as part of the first approach to the subject. The...

a mathematical model is presented in the present study to control‎ ‎the light propagation in an inhomogeneous media‎. ‎the method is ‎based on the identification of the optimal materials distribution‎ ‎in the media such that the trajectories of light rays follow the‎ ‎desired path‎. ‎the problem is formulated as a distributed parameter ‎identification problem and it is solved by a numerical met...

We present an introduction to the orbital angular momentum of light for use in optics instruction. This type of angular momentum is a new fundamental concept discovered fifteen years ago. It arises in optical beams with helical wave-fronts. We introduce it as part of a fundamental discussion of the momentum of light. We also present inexpensive demonstrations of transfer of linear and angular m...

BACKGROUND Within the framework of the nationwide Hospice and Palliative Care Evaluation (HOPE), the German Basic Documentation for Psycho-oncology (PO-Bado) was used from 2004 to 2006 as an optional module in most participating palliative care services to investigate how patient distress due to symptom burdens in different palliative care settings should be assessed and how professional interv...

A relatively fast and simple method utilizing Gaussian beams (GBs) is developed which requires only a few seconds on a workstation to compute the near/far fields of electrically large reflector antennas when they are illuminated by a feed with a known radiation pattern. This GB technique is fast, because it completely avoids any numerical integration on the large reflector surface which is requ...

Optics education is an essential ingredient in building modern science and technology. As the rate of technological change accelerates, continuing optics education becomes more important than other. This talk is an account of a successfully continuing professional-education course on optics and optical coatings in the Department of Applied Physics & Electronic Engineering, University of Rajshah...

Experiments in optics are essential for learning and understanding physical phenomena. The problem with these experiments is that they are generally time consuming for both their construction and their maintenance, potentially dangerous through the use of laser sources, and often expensive due to high technology optical components. We propose to simulate such experiments by way of hybrid system...

Chemo—optical micro-sensing systems, whether based on fiber optics or integrated optics show promising prospects. The physical principles underlying chemo—optical waveguide sensors are discussed with the accent on linear evanescent field sensors. The role of the chemo-optical transduction layer is emphasized. Restriction of the freedom of design by technological uncertainties is briefly dealt w...