Theories of epidemiologic transition analyze the shift in causes mortality due to changes risk factors over time, and through processes urbanization development by comparing between countries or time. These theories do not account for health inequities such as those resulting from environmental injustice, which minority lower income residents are more likely be exposed hazards have less access ...

Objectives. Worldwide, over 200 million children are involved in child labor, with another 20 million children subjected to forced labor, leading to acute and chronic exposures resulting in safety and health (S&H) risks, plus removal from formal education and play. This review summarized S&H issues in child labor, including forced or indentured domestic labor as other sectors of child labor. Sp...

Astronauts are at risk for developing decompression sickness (DCS) while exposed to the hypobaric environment of the extravehicular suit in space, in terrestrial hypobaric chambers, and during ascent from neutral buoyancy training dives. There is increasing recognition that DCS risk is different between diving and altitude exposures, with many individual parameters and environmental factors imp...

Presence in Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVEs) can be classified into personal presence and co-presence. Personal presence is having a feeling of “being there” in the CVE oneself. Co-presence is having a feeling that one is in the same place as the other participants, and that one is collaborating with real people. In this paper we describe an experiment to investigate the effects that s...

We present our experience with a usability evaluation of two prototype CVE applications being developed by the COVEN project. The applications are a teleconferencing system aimed at future business users of CVEs, and a holiday planning environment for the use of the general public. Our concerns in the evaluations were three fold: to refine the design of these applications, to gain further under...

This paper reviews the features of five 3 dimensional networked virtual environments which support collaborative learning applications, through the comparison of the tools and services they offer. Following that, we justify our choice of platform, which is the Croquet platform, and discuss design and implementation issues. Finally we present the results of the evaluation process of the virtual ...

The Chinle Formation of Arizona is a highly fossiliferous terrestrial unit from the Late Triassic Period. Fossil vertebrate collections from the Chinle Formation date back to the late 1890s and document a diverse fauna that is correlative with other Late Triassic faunas worldwide. No fewer than 18 holotype specimens including metoposaurids, phytosaurs, aetosaurs, crocodylomorphs, dinosauromorph...

The time course of visual letter recognition was investigated in a single-stimulus identi®cation experiment. On each trial, a randomly chosen stimulus letter was presented at 1 of 12 equiprobable positions that were equally spaced around the circumference of an imaginary circle centered on ®xation. Exposure duration was varied from 10 to 200 ms, and the letter was followed by a pattern mask. Th...

This empirical paper models three structural factors that are hypothesized to affect the turnaround times between the publication of security advisories and Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs). The three structural factors are: (i) software product age at the time of advisory release; (ii) severity of vulnerabilities coordinated; and (iii) amounts of CVEs referenced in advisories. Altho...

BACKGROUND Reported rates and types of ice hockey injuries have been variable. Ice hockey combines tremendous speeds with aggressive physical play and therefore has great inherent potential for injury. PURPOSE To identify rates and determinants of injury in American men's collegiate ice hockey. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study. METHODS Data were collected from 8 teams in a Division I...