Mycotoxins are fungal secondary metabolites that if ingested can cause a variety of adverse effects on both humans and animals.Aflatoxins are cancerogenic compounds produced predominantly by certain strains of the Aspergillus genus. They have immunosuppressive, mutagenic, teratogenic and carcinogenic effects, especially on the liver. A variety of physical, chemical and biological methods have b...

varying degrees of water solubility. Some additives (e.g., methyl tertiary-butyl ether and alcohols) are highly soluble. Other components (e.g., benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes) are slightly soluble. Many components (e.g., ndodecane and n-heptane) have relatively low water solubility under ideal conditions. Physical and chemical properties which affect transport and fate of selected...

purpose: to evaluate bacterial and fungal contamination of donor corneas before and after decontamination at eye bank of i.r. of iran based on cultures. methods: this descriptive study was performed on 131 donor eyes (whole globe or cut cornea) used for corneal transplantation at labbafinejad hospital during a 6-month period. microbiologic culture was performed at three stages: before enucleati...

Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 2 Human Illness .............................................................................................................................. 2 Outbreaks and Cases ...........................................................................................

This study is a first attempt to investigate the impact of urban contamination on metal tolerance of heterotrophic river biofilms using a short-term test based on β-glucosidase activity. Tolerance levels to Cu, Cd, Zn, Ni and Pb were evaluated for biofilms collected at three sites along an urban gradient in the Seine river (France). Metallic pollution increased along the river, but concentratio...

Antibiotics are added to semen extenders to be used for artificial insemination (AI) in livestock breeding to control bacterial contamination in semen arising during collection and processing. The antibiotics to be added and their concentrations for semen for international trade are specified by government directives. Since the animal production industry uses large quantities of semen for artif...

This paper reviews contamination status, sources and remediation of heavy metals in agricultural land of most Asian countries, with an emphasis to China, which are undergoing rapid economic development. Some farmland soil in suburbs of most cities and sewage irrigation district in China are polluted to some extend with heavy metals such as Cd, As, Zn, Cu, and Hg, consequently resulting in metal...

We studied the extent and nature of fungal colonization of building materials in 58 naturally ventilated apartments that had suffered various kinds of water damage in relation to air sampling done before the physical inspections. The results of air samples from each apartment were compared by rank order of species with pooled data from outdoor air. Approximately 90% of the apartments that had s...

Alberta Vandini1, Alessia Frabetti1, Paola Antonioli2, Daniela Platano3, Alessio Branchini4, Maria Teresa Camerada1, Luca Lanzoni1, Piergiorgio Balboni1 and Sante Mazzacane1* 1CIAS Laboratory, Centre for the Study of Physical, Chemical and Microbiological Contamination of Highly Sterile Environments, Department of Architecture, University of Ferrara, Italy 2Infection Prevention Control and Risk...