Preface Photorespiration: origins and metabolic integration in interacting compartments This special issue on photorespiration focuses on recent advances in this topic. The majority of the papers summarizes and extends contributions given at the 2nd workshop, 'Photorespiration–key to better crops', held in Warnemuende, Germany in June 2015. origins and metabolic integration in interacting compa...

The course of respiration in control leaves of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) that were illuminated 4 to 5 hours and then darkened 0.25 to 10 hours and in tobacco leaves starved of carbohydrate by 14 hours or more of darkness was measured as CO(2) efflux in light and darkness into CO(2)-free atmospheres containing 0.04, 2.23, 21, 40, and 100% O(2).Control and starved leaves showed a postillumin...

BACKGROUND TRR14 protein is a small protein, a member of a multigene family in Arabidopsis which was found as the fi rst protein during screening seedlings for their resistant to the trehalose sugar. OBJECTIVES A number of TRR14-overexpressing plants were subjected to the characterization in the present research, among which, the associated morphological features and changes accompany growth ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Plants growing under elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations often have reduced stomatal conductance and subsequently increased leaf temperature. This study therefore tested the hypothesis that under long-term elevated CO2 the temperature optima of photosynthetic processes will shift towards higher temperatures and the thermostability of the photosynthetic apparatus will inc...

In higher plants, peroxisomes have been believed to play a pivotal role in three metabolic pathways, which are lipid breakdown, photorespiration and H2O2-detoxificaton. Recently, significant progress in the study of plant peroxisomes was established by forward-/reverse-genetics and post-genomic approaches using Arabidopsis thaliana, the first higher plant to have its entire genome sequenced. Th...

A mutant of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), LaPr 88/29, deficient in NADH-dependent hydroxypyruvate reductase (HPR) activity has been isolated. The activities of both NADH (5%) and NADPH-dependent (19%) HPR were severely reduced in this mutant compared to the wild type. Although lacking an enzyme in the main carbon pathway of photorespiration, this mutant was capable of CO(2) fixation rates equiva...

Rubisco is the most abundant protein on Earth that serves as the primary engine of carbon assimilation. It is characterized by a slow rate and low specificity for CO2 leading to photorespiration. We analyze here the challenges of operation of this enzyme as the main carbon fixation engine. The high concentration of Rubisco exceeds that of its substrate CO2 by 2-3 orders of magnitude; however, t...

The gross primary productivity of two seagrasses, Zostera marina and Ruppia maritima, and one green macroalga, Ulva intestinalis, was assessed in laboratory and field experiments to determine whether the photorespiratory pathway operates at a substantial level in these macrophytes and to what extent it is enhanced by naturally occurring shifts in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and O2 in dense...