The NUADU (NeUtral Atom Detector Unit) experiment aboard TC-2 recorded, with high temporal and spatial resolution, 4π solid angle images of electrons (∼50– 125 keV) spiraling around geomagnetic field lines at high northern magnetic latitudes (L>10), during its in-orbit commissioning phase (September 2004). The ambient magnetic field, as well as electrons in other energy ranges, were simultaneou...

Electron vortex beams carrying intrinsic orbital angular momentum (OAM) are produced in electron microscopes where they are controlled and focused by using magnetic lenses. We observe various rotational phenomena arising from the interaction between the OAM and magnetic lenses. First, the Zeeman coupling, proportional to the OAM and magnetic field strength, produces an OAM-independent Larmor ro...

This paper lays out the mechanics of creation in the 3-spaces model of an electron-positron pair as a photon of energy 1.022 MeV or more is destabilized when grazing a heavy particle such as an atom's nucleus, thus converting a massless photon into two massive .511 MeV/c particles charged in opposition. An alternate process was also experimentally discovered in 1997, that involves converging tw...

This study investigates the dosimetric dependence of the dimension of a lead (Pb) layer for shielding using clinical electron beams with different energies. Monte Carlo simulations were used to generate phase space files of the 4, 9 and 16 MeV electron beams produced by a Varian 21 EX linear accelerator using the EGSnrc-based BEAMnrc code, and validated by measurements using films. Pb layers wi...

This paper proposes a novel and effective method for generating GigaGauss level, solenoidal quasi-static magnetic fields in under-dense plasma using screw-shaped high intensity laser pulses. This method produces large solenoidal fields that move with the driving laser pulse and are collinear with the accelerated electrons. This is in contrast with already known techniques which rely on interact...

PURPOSE In recent times, longitudinal field MRI-linac systems have been proposed for 6 MV MRI-guided radiotherapy (MRIgRT). The magnetic field is parallel with the beam axis and so will alter the transport properties of any electron contamination particles. The purpose of this work is to provide a first investigation into the potential effects of the MR and fringe magnetic fields on the electro...

Current clinical experience in radiation therapy is based upon dose computations that report the absorbed dose to water, even though the patient is not made of water but of many different types of tissue. While Monte Carlo dose calculation algorithms have the potential for higher dose accuracy, they usually transport particles in and compute the absorbed dose to the patient media such as soft t...

The introduction of a strongly magnetized plasma in the inner region of a Free Electron Laser opens up the possibility of generating coherent radiation in the slow whistler mode using mildly relativistic electron beams. The frequency of emission, however, is limited to below the electron cyclotron frequency. The efficiency of the device can be enhanced by tapering the guide magnetic field.

Electron beams narrowly collimated to the magnetic field line were observed continuously from a downward current region to an auroral acceleration region (i.e., upward current region). They were well correlated with lowfrequency electric field fluctuations in the auroral acceleration region as well as in the adjacent downward current region. Magnetic field fluctuations were found only in the do...