abstract a title, in conveying the meaning of the entitled photo, can act from being a designator to an element which changes the meaning and its message is perceived in different levels of obtaining the photo’s final meaning. therefore, ignoring its role in interpreting the content of work is the same as eliminating a part of photo. various studies have been done centering titling issue, but t...

an investigation was conducted on hemin modified with axial ligand loaded onto magnetic carriers which created a kind of visible-light activated photocatalyst with good magnetic property. this photocatalyst exhibits excellent photo-degradation performance and can be readily reclaimed in the degradation of bis-phenol a (bpa) in aqueous solution under visible light. the catalysts were characteriz...

in the present study, theoretical chemical reactivates photo isomerization in cis-retinal as a natural photo switch in vision. dft hybrid functional, b3lyp and, post-hf method, were the theoretical methods applied utilizing g09 software. 6-31g+ (d,p) basis set employed for structural optimizations, and single point computations performed using b3lyp/6-31g+(d,p). the isomers cis molecule retinal...

We propose and demonstrate both a binary and ternary adder circuit based on a resonant tunneling diode (RTD) and a bipolar transistor. The basic switching cell consists of an RTD in series with the base of a bipolar transistor. The RTD is used to set a threshold voltage for the switching of the transistor.

In this paper we consider transistor sizing to reduce crosstalk. First, crosstalk noise dependency on wire width, wire spacing, driver and receiver sizes are discussed, and validated by experiments. Then transistor sizing for timing and noise is discussed and solved using optimization techniques. Experimental results suggest that crosstalk violations can be removed by transistor sizing with ver...

Background & Aims of the Study: Phenolic compounds have been extensively used in industries for applications such as petrochemical, oil refineries, papers, plastics, steel, pharmaceuticals, textiles, coal conversion, and so on. Specified amounts of Phenolic compounds are lost in the process of their manufacturing and utilization and often cause environmental pollution problems....

A system for the generation of short electrical pulses based on the minority carrier charge storage and the step recovery effect of bipolar transistors is presented. Electrical pulses of about 90 ps up to 800 ps duration are generated with a maximum amplitude of approximately 7 V at 50. The bipolar transistor is driven into saturation and the base-collector and base-emitter junctions become fo...

In this work the performance of a wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) system with direct detection receiver is investigated. For this purpose, the probability of error in a WDMA network with OOK modulation considering crosstalk, ISI, photo detector noise and thermal noise is calculated and the effect of each on system performance is investigated. The system performance in presence of PIN...

In this paper, Adomian Decomposition Method (ADM) is used to study the linear time-invariant transistor circuit. The results obtained using Adomian Decomposition Method and the methods taken from the literature [5] were compared with the exact solutions of the linear time-invariant transistor circuit. It is found that the solution obtained using the Adomian Decomposition Method is closer to the...

We used an ensemble Monte Carlo simulator to study both the dc and transient behavior of a double gate silicon-on-insulator transistor sDGSOId operated as a velocity modulation transistor sVMTd and as a conventional field effect transistor sFETd. Operated as a VMT, the DGSOI transistor provides switching times shorter than 1 ps regardless of the channel length, with a significant current modula...