Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase D (GPI-PLD) is a minor HDL-associated protein. Because many minor HDL-associated proteins exchange between different lipoprotein classes during the postprandial state and are also involved in triglyceride (TG) metabolism, we hypothesized that GPI-PLD may play a role in the metabolism of TG-rich lipoproteins. To test this hypothesis, we examine...

The ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) GTP-binding proteins have been implicated in a wide range of vesicle transport and fusion steps along the secretory pathway. In chromaffin cells, ARF6 is specifically associated with the membrane of secretory chromaffin granules. Since ARF6 is an established regulator of phospholipase D (PLD), we have examined the intracellular distribution of ARF6 and PLD acti...

Butanol (C4H10OH) has been used both to dissect the molecular targets of alcohols/general anesthetics and to implicate phospholipase D (PLD) signaling in a variety of cellular functions including neurotransmitter and hormone exocytosis. Like other primary alcohols, 1-butanol is a substrate for PLD and thereby disrupts formation of the intracellular signaling lipid phosphatidic acid. Because sec...

The role of bivalent cations in ATP-stimulated phospholipase D (PLD) activity was investigated in human leukaemic lymphocytes. Cells were labelled with [3H]oleic acid and incubated with extracellular ATP or benzoylbenzoic ATP in the presence of 1 mM Ca2+ and butanol, and PLD activity was assayed by the accumulation of [3H]phosphatidylbutanol ([3H]PBut). ATP stimulated PLD activity in a dose-dep...

We previously demonstrated that diperoxovanadate (DPV), a synthetic peroxovanadium compound and cell-permeable oxidant that acts as a protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor and insulinomimetic, increased phospholipase D (PLD) activation in endothelial cells (ECs). In this report, the regulation of DPV-induced PLD activation by mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) was investigated. DPV acti...

The impact of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation on phospholipase D (PLD) trafficking and activity in mast cells was investigated. The enrichment of mast cells with different PUFA including α-linolenic acid (LNA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), linoleic acid (LA) or arachidonic acid (AA) revealed a PUFA-mediated modulation of the mastoparan-stimulated PL...

The expression level of phospholipase D (PLD) was examined in the lungs of mice during postnatal development. Immunoprecipitation analysis revealed a moderate basal level of PLD1 in the lungs at postnatal 1 week, with a gradual increase occurring until week 4. The pattern of PLD2 paralleled that of PLD1, although the quantity of PLD2 was markedly less. PLD was immunostained in the most bronchio...

Mitochondrial damage is one of the prominent features of cell death in oxidative stress and related pathological conditions. Alteration in membrane lipid composition may be responsible for the mitochondrial damage. In this study, we have shown that intestinal mitochondria contain an active phospholipase D (PLD) which is activated by oxidants, Ca2+ or polyamines and this results in degradation o...

The activation of membrane-bound phospholipase D (PLD) resulting in the generation of phosphatidic acid (PA) is increasingly recognized as an integral event in the initiation of a variety of cellular responses. We explored whether alpha-thrombin is a physiologic agonist for PLD activation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). HUVEC monolayers were labeled with [32Pi] and PLD activi...

The VPAC(1) and VPAC(2) receptors for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and the PAC(1) receptor for pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide are members of a subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). We recently reported that phospholipase D (PLD) activation by members of the rhodopsin group of GPCRs occurs by at least two routes, one of which seems to involve the small G prot...