Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive type of glioma and exhibits extensive heterogeneity poor prognosis with a high recurrence rate. Among genetic alterations in GBM different phenotypic states, mesenchymal subtype has been associated worse outcome patients GBM. The mechanisms for gain remain unclear. Our aim was to investigate whether NOX2-induced glycolytic activity c...

Among the applications of medicinal plants, it is their use as antimicrobial agents. The objective this study was to investigate effect some essential oils against an etiological pathogen Flavobacterium spp. responsible for several lost in rainbow trout, ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) hatcheries, strains used were isolated from rearing tanks water and biofilm, identified based on phenotypic, biochemic...

Phenotypic plasticity is the ability of a single genotype to yield distinct phenotypes in different environments. The molecular mechanisms linking phenotypic plasticity to the evolution of heritable diversification, however, are largely unknown. Here, we show that insulin/insulin-like growth factor signalling (IIS) underlies both phenotypic plasticity and evolutionary diversification of ovariol...

Evolution of the mammalian neocortex is difficult to examine directly. For this reason, comparative studies and developmental studies are the best way of gaining insight into the evolutionary process. Comparative studies indicate that neocortical evolution is constrained, and that the types of systems-level modifications made to the neocortex are limited. Developmental studies of gene expressio...

Although many new anti-infectives have been discovered and developed solely using phenotypic cellular screening and assay optimization, most researchers recognize that structure-guided drug design is more practical and less costly. In addition, a greater chemical space can be interrogated with structure-guided drug design. The practicality of structure-guided drug design has launched a search f...

Signaling pathways enable cells to sense and respond to their environment. Many cellular signaling strategies are conserved from fungi to humans, yet their activity and phenotypic consequences can vary extensively among individuals within a species. A systematic assessment of the impact of naturally occurring genetic variation on signaling pathways remains to be conducted. In S. cerevisiae, bot...

OBJECTIVE Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA or Sanfilippo disease type A is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder presenting in early childhood, caused by an inherited deficiency of the lysosomal hydrolase sulfamidase. New missense mutations, for which genotype-phenotype correlations are currently unknown, are frequently reported, hampering early prediction of phenotypic severity and efficacy asses...

Estimation of genetic trends is necessary to monitor and evaluate selection programs. The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic trends for milk yield in Iranian Holsteins cows using random regression test day model. Data set was consisted of 743205 test-day records from 1991 to 2008, which were collected by the Animal Breeding Centre of Iran. Breeding, environmental and phenotypic...