BACKGROUND To assess the immunohistochemical expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) neu receptor in breast cancer and their associations with various clinicopathological characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective analysis of women who presented with primary, unilateral breast cancer in the Depar...

Population density regulation is a fundamental principle in ecology, but the specific process underlying functional expression of density dependence remains to be fully elucidated. One view contends that patterns of density dependence are largely fixed across a species irrespective of environmental conditions, whereas another is that the strength and expression of density dependence are fundame...

Combined hormone replacement therapy (CHRT) containing estrogens and progestins is associated with breast cancer risk. The authors evaluated interactions between CHRT use and progestin metabolism genotypes at CYP3A4 and the progesterone receptor (PGR) and their effects on breast cancer risk using the population-based Women's Insights and Shared Experiences (WISE) Study (1999-2002) of postmenopa...

BACKGROUND Germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are the most frequent known hereditary causes of familial breast cancer. Little is known about the interaction of age at diagnosis, estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) expression and outcomes in patients with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. METHODS A PubMed search identified publications exploring the association between ...

This study uses the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to study the dynamic determinant factors that influence both long and short-term international tourism demand in Cambodia from 12 countries. The annual time series data (1994–2013) are used in this study. The study finds that only the international tourism demand model of Australia, Canada, Thailand, the United Kingdom, and USA are...

This paper describes components of a Pastures from Space® collaborative project between CSIRO Livestock Industries, the Western Australian Departments of Land Information (DLI) and Agriculture and Food Western Australia (DAFWA). Daily, continental scale, imagery from AQUA/TERRA Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and continental, gridded weekly climate information provided by ...

To investigate the effects of pregnancy or post-ovulatory progesterone (P(4)) supplementation on the expression of oestrogen and P(4) receptors (ESRs and PGRs) in the bovine uterus, heifers (n=263) were randomly assigned to the following treatments: i) cyclic, normal P(4); ii) cyclic, high P(4); iii) pregnant, normal P(4); and iv) pregnant, high P(4) on days 5, 7, 13 and 16 of pregnancy/oestrou...

Genome-wise association studies have identified a number of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), each of small effect, associated with risk to bipolar disorder (BD). Several risk-conferring SNPs have been individually shown to influence regional brain activation thus linking genetic risk for BD to altered brain function. The current study examined whether the polygenic risk score meth...

Four sublines (H, HI, G, and AT) of the R3327 (Dunning) rat prostatic carcinoma have different androgen sensitivities and histopathological characteristics. In order to investigate whether these characteristics were associated with differences in the hormone receptor profile and its response to estrogen, we carried out Scatchard analysis on the cytosolic (C) and high-salt nuclear-associated (N)...

PURPOSE It is well-known that tumor phenotype may change during the progression of breast cancer (BC). The purpose in this study was to compare the discordance in estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) between primary and recurrent/metastatic lesions (RML) and also to evaluate the prognostic significance of change in tumor phenoty...