Tanaman karet (Hevea brasiliensis) berasal dari negara Brazil. Pohon pertama kali hanya tumbuh di Amerika Selatan. Perkebunan Indonesia mulai diperkenalkan sejak tahun 1864, yaitu Hofland mendirikan perusahaan perkebunan Tanah Panunukan dan Ciasem, Jawa Barat. Serangan yang diakibatkan oleh penyakit Pestalotiopsis sp. menunjukkan bercak cokelat pada daun adanya batas jelas antara bagian dengan ...

The basidiomycete fungus Crinipellis perniciosa (Stahel) Singer is the causal agent of Witches' Broom Disease of Cacao (Theobromacacao L.) which is the main factor limiting cacao production in the Americas. Pod losses of up to 90% are experienced in affected areas as evidenced by the 50% drop in production in Bahia province, Brazil following the arrival of the C. perniciosa in the area in 1989....

Large amount of drilling waste associated with the expansion of the Orinoco Oil Belt (OOB), the biggest proven reserve of extra-heavy crude oil (EHCO) worldwide, is usually impregnated with EHCO and highly salinized water-based drilling fluids. Oxidative exoenzymes (OE) of the lignin-degrading enzyme system (LDS) of fungi catalyse the oxidation of a wide range of toxic pollutants. However, very...

In the present study, the terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) technique, combined with the use of a clone library, was applied to assess the baseline diversity of fungal endophyte communities associated with rhizomes of Alpinia officinarum Hance, a medicinal plant with a long history of use. A total of 46 distinct T-RFLP fragment peaks were detected using HhaI or MspI mon...