Previous studies revealed that consuming activities and spending money to meet needs can improve individuals’ happiness. Our study showed money, not for personal also has a big impact on well-being. We used 26,464 observations of 4th 5th waves the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) predict expenditures non-personal (known as prosocial expenditure) one's subjective The estimation result probit...

Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Poverty Center or any sponsoring agency. Abstract This paper uses the 'adult goods' method to estimate the full costs of children. Full costs include both expenditure and time costs. Adult personal time (comprising pure leisure, sl...

background and purpose: utilization of health care services and food influence the health status. the food and health care expenditure ratios determine the importance level of them in household's consumption expenditures. we aimed to investigate the iranian rural and urban food and health expenditure ratios inequality during 1998 to 2012. materials and methods: this is a descriptive longit...

Most countries are using some kinds of pharmaceutical policies, like external reference-based pricing, to control the costs of medicines. This policy could be implemented in different ways and there is no systematic method for selecting reference countries. In this study, we tried to identify and classify the factors affecting the selection of reference countries in Iran. Delphi method was empl...

Background: To determine the relationship between sexual satisfaction and marital satisfaction according to personal characteristics. Materials and Methods: This is Cross sectional study. 200 volunteer healthy 45-65 years old men, who were met in the public centers of well socioeconomic district in North of Tehran, were interviewed. The questioner had two main parts: 1) Personal Characteristics...

Behavior categories for observations of 304 mentally disabled adults were analyzed in relation to settings (sheltered workshops and residential facility), personal characteristics (age, sex, IQ, diagnosis, and desire for affiliation) and characteristics of partners. Both settings and personal characteristics predicted individual behavior rates for the 10 most frequently observed behavior catego...

canola production is an important alternative for agricultural policy-makers in iran to reduce dependency on the imported vegetable oils. nevertheless, the canola planted area is only increasing at a slow pace, indicating a low willingness-to-accept of farmers. the general aim of this study was to determine the factors influencing the canola adoption in the kermanshah province in western iran. ...

This article demonstrates the potential of the disaggregated expenditure approach in comparative welfare state analysis by applying it for comparing patterns of welfare spending across 28 European countries. An initial factor analysis shows that welfare states differ primarily along their emphasis either on cash transfers for the elderly or on social services and cash transfers for the working-...