Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-select subtractive cDNA hybridization technique, 18 different genes were isolated from a permethrin-treated versus acetone-treated Aedes aegypti subtractive library. Quantitative PCR (QPCR) results showed that 8 of the 18 gene's transcriptional levels in permethrin-treated Ae. aegypti were at least two-fold higher (ranging from 2.6 +/- 0.5 to 4.8 +/- 0....

As recent studies have shown that ecdysteroids may play a major role in the regulation of vitellogenesis in Ixodidae, the present study quantified, by means of a radioimmunoassay, the levels of ecdysteroids present in the hemolymph of semi-engorged females of Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks obtained from control females (exposed to distilled water) and those exposed to increasing concentrations ...

The susceptibility of local head lice to permethrin, sumithrin, deltamethrin, and carbaryl was determined by laboratory bioassays in field-collected colonies. Head lice collected from the infested heads of children 6-12 yr old were tested within 3 h of collection. The longest survival of control insects in the laboratory was obtained by keeping them in the dark at 18 degrees C and 70-80% RH. Th...

Tests were conducted to determine the persistence of compounds applied to tents to protect against mosquitoes. Interiors of 2 camping tents were treated by the manufacturer--one with the repellent dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and one with the insecticide permethrin. A third tent was untreated. Tents were set up outdoors and exposed to weathering for one year. Weekly tests were conducted by releasin...

OBJECTIVE Recent pesticide-monitoring results suggest that a shift in residential pesticide exposure from organophosphorus insecticides to pyrethroid insecticides has occurred. Pyrethroid insecticides are potential neurodevelopmental toxicants and have not been evaluated for developmental toxicity. Our objective was to explore the association between prenatal exposure to permethrin (a common py...

Harvester ants (Messor galla Forel) defied various control strategies. Two field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of Spent Engine-Oil and other nature-based materials on their emergence in Maiduguri, Borno State of Nigeria. The treatments evaluated are spot application of spent engine-oil and some natural materials in experiment 1 and individual and equal mixture of Pure Neem ...

Background: Head lice infestation constitutes a serious health problem in marginalized areas where schoolchildren and their families are mostly affected. This study aimed to compare 3 lice control protocols approved by Ministry of  Health and Medical Education, based on 1% permethrin shampoo, 4% dimethicone lotion and (1:1) vinegar wet combing for the treatment of outpatients of Imam Reza Hospi...

Agricultural pesticide use is necessary to help meet the increased demand for a safe and secure food supply for the United States, as well as the global community. Even with proper application and careful management, the possibility of pesticide leaching and detachment in runoff still exists following certain storm events. Several different management practices have been designed to reduce the ...