In this research, a sub-array preconditioner is applied to improve the convergence of conjugate gradient (CG) iterative solver in the fast multipole method and fast Fourier transform (FMM-FFT) implementation on a large-scale finite periodic array antenna with arbitrary geometry elements. The performance of the sub-array preconditioner is compared with the near-group preconditioner in the array ...

A planar dual-polarized phased array is proposed for 5G cellular communications. The has the properties of dual-polarization, wideband, and quasi-endfire radiation, which printed on one side a single-layer substrate. design contains two eight-element subarrays including horizontally polarized endfire dipole antennas vertically periodic slot antennas, employed PCB ground plane mobile platform. B...

Recent laboratory experiments with decaying strongly stratified grid turbulence at moderate Reynolds numbers reveal remarkable behavior. These experiments document the evolution of an initial sea of columnar dipole vortex pairs with dominant vertical vorticity to stratified ‘‘pancake’’ vortex sheets with dominant horizontal vorticity, together with a concurrent dominance of vertical dissipation...