BACKGROUND The low-income Pacific Island nation of Vanuatu is experiencing a double burden of diet-related disease whereby micronutrient deficiencies and underweight occur at the same time as obesity related non-communicable diseases. Increasing intakes of nutrient dense, energy dilute foods such as fruits and vegetables will be important to address this issue. However, reduced access to agricu...

OBJECTIVE To identify risk factors for becoming an excessive user over time. SETTING Prescription database study over five years. SUBJECTS AND METHOD Norwegians between 30 and 60 years with a first dispensation of a benzodiazepine during 2006, encompassing 23 227 individuals. A Cox hazard regression model was defined, initially stratifying on gender, age, county, previous relevant drug disp...

The Impact of Yard Land Utilization on Sustainable Food House Area Activities (KRPL) Increasing Household Income in Asahan Regency”. purpose this study was to analyze the household income social assistance beneficiary group before and after optimizing use yard land through impact home garden activities increasing Tinggi Raja Village, District, Regency. This research uses a survey method. method...

In Africa, many pastoral households are increasingly settling in response to curtailed mobility and shrinking grazing areas. Households in pastoral areas are characterised by few resources, low income, low level of human and social capital, and limited access to markets and service institutions like credit institutions, extension and plant protection. This study was conducted to determine the f...

This appendix contains four sections supplementing the analysis in the main paper. First, we provide a further theoretical result which discusses differences in the level of per-adult equivalent consumption in the Demographics and Single Agent model. Second, we show and discuss insurance coefficients in the spirit of Blundell, Pistaferri, and Preston (2008) and Kaplan and Violante (2010) for ou...

BACKGROUND There is increasing interest on whether the current global economic uncertainties have an influence on the population's mental health. In this paper, we examined the association of negative socioeconomic changes, job loss and household income reductions with incident mental disorders. The moderating effect of gender was assessed. METHODS Data come from the Netherlands Mental Health...

OBJECTIVES The availability of dentists as a barrier to access to care has not been thoroughly explored, particularly in large cities. In this study, we aimed to identify disparities in the availability of dentists in Canada's largest urban centre, Toronto, and explore whether distributional disparities are associated with underlying factors, such as affordability as measured by average househo...

This paper provides simple, transparent intuition for the perhaps surprising and certainly widely debated empirical findings of ”environmental Kuznets curves”, i.e. U-shaped relationships between per-capita income and indicators of environmental quality. We consider one possible component of such relationships: the linkage between income and household choices that impact upon the environment. O...

W today’s world economy plagued by recession and sluggish performance, China stands out with its sustained high growth, perhaps due to market-oriented economic reforms that began in 1978. The growth has been accompanied by an explosion in China’s household saving ratio, which has reached an impressive level in recent years, just when there has been a worldwide reduction in the private saving ra...