− This study was undertaken to investigate whether honokiol could enhance the pentobarbitalinduced sleeping behaviors through γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor Clchannel activation. Thirty minutes after the oral administration of honokiol, mice were received sodium pentobarbital (42 mg/kg, i.p.). The time elapsed from pentobarbital injection to the loss of the righting reflex was taken as sle...

It has been known that RA, one of major constituents of Perilla frutescens which has been used as a traditional folk remedy for sedation in oriental countries, shows the anxiolytic-like and sedative effects. This study was performed to know whether RA may enhance pentobarbital-induced sleep through γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A-ergic systems in rodents. RA (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/ kg, p.o.) reduced ...

This research was designed to identify whether Gastrodiae Rhizoma ethanol extract (GREE) enhances pentobarbital-induced sleep via  γ-aminobutyric acid- (GABA-) ergic systems and modulated sleep architectures in animals. GREE (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibited locomotor activity in mice, in a dose-dependent manner. GREE not only prolonged total sleep time, but also reduced sleep latency tim...

Despite abundant pharmacological research on the 5,5-dialkylbarbituric acids, their metabolic fate has not been elucidated. Earlier studies (2, 3) from this laboratory proved that pentobarbital and Amytal are not detoxified by simple hydrolysis of the barbituric acid ring. The present report describes further experiments with isotopic pentobarbital which led to the isolation and characterizatio...

The present experiment examined whether entrainment to twenty-four hour days is advantageous for physiological and behavioral adaptations to a pharmacological challenge. Adult, male deermice (Peromyscus maniculatus) were injected with sodium pentobarbital at 8.5, 14.5, 20.5, 2.5 and again at 8.5 hr after light onset while entrained to a 24 hr day (light/dark (LD) 14:10). Time to recover from an...

Sites and mechanisms of the antagonistic action of TA-0910, a new thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analog, on pentobarbital anesthesia were studied in rats. Intravenous administration of TA-0910 dose-dependently shortened the duration of pentobarbital anesthesia at 30 micrograms/kg or more. The anti-anesthetic action of TA-0910 after intracerebral injection was in the following order of effe...

For the purpose of investigating the protective action against cerebral ischemia by a new imidazole derivative (Y-9179) and pentobarbital, regional cerebral ischemia was produced in 53 cats by permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) via the transorbital approach. In 20 cats, the clips were applied at the origin of the right MCA whereas in the remaining 33 they were applied later...

We measured cerebral blood flow and somatosensory evoked potentials during transient focal cerebral ischemia in cats to compare the effects of four commonly used anesthetic regimens: ketamine/fentanyl/N2O (fentanyl), pentobarbital, ketamine/alpha-chloralose (alpha-chloralose), and ketamine/halothane/N2O (halothane). Six cats in each group were subjected to 60 minutes of left middle cerebral art...

Sinomenium acutum has been long used in the preparations of traditional medicine in Japan, China and Korea for the treatment of various disorders including rheumatism, fever, pulmonary diseases and mood disorders. Recently, it was reported that Sinomenium acutum, has sedative and anxiolytic effects mediated by GABA-ergic systems. These experiments were performed to investigate whether sinomenin...

Current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of anaesthesia entails multiple molecular sites of anaesthetic action, each more or less important for a specific anaesthetic drug used. For some molecular anaesthetic targets such as the GABA(A), and acetylcholine receptors as well as potassium channels, large differences in anaesthetic effects and sensitivity between different receptor subtype...