With the development of intelligent surveillance systems, the need for accurate detection of pedestrians by cameras has increased. However, most of the previous studies use a single camera system, either a visible light or thermal camera, and their performances are affected by various factors such as shadow, illumination change, occlusion, and higher background temperatures. To overcome these p...

BACKGROUND Pedestrians who are involved in motor vehicle collisions present with a unique trauma situation. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the specific clinical characteristics of this patient population in comparison to injured motor vehicle occupants in the medical emergency setting. METHODS A total of 4435 pedestrian traffic collision victims admitted to hospitals participating a...

This paper introduces the first experiments of an innovative approach to the modeling and simulation of crowds of pedestrians considering the presence of groups as a crucial element influencing overall system dynamics. In-silico experimental results are discussed in relation to in-vitro experiments (experimental observations on the movement of pedestrians and groups).

During the process of thermal leptogenesis temperature decreases by about one order of magnitude while the baryon asymmetry is generated. We present an analytical description of this process so that the dependence on the neutrino mass parameters becomes transparent. In the case of maximal CP asymmetry all decay and scattering rates in the plasma are determined by the mass M1 of the decaying hea...

We propose an extension to the Genetic Programming paradigm which allows users of traditional Genetic Algorithms to evolve computer programs. To this end, we have to introduce mechanisms like transscription, editing and repairing into Genetic Programming. We demonstrate the feasibility of the approach by using it to develop programs for the prediction of sequences of integer numbers.

background and aims: this study aimed to investigate the deaths and injuries following pedestrian traffic accidents and factors associated with death of pedestrian in tehran and alborz provinces. methods: in this cross-sectional study all traffic accidents related to pedestrians in tehran and alborz provinces reported from march 21, 2013 to march 21, 2014 by the traffic police were studied. the...

Conflicts between pedestrians and drivers may be conceived as resulting from a complex interactive system between two or more protagonists in a highly context-dependent environment. More than 14 000 observations of pedestrians' and drivers' behaviours were systematically carried out by a team of trained observers on ten selected intersections in each of the two larger Canadian cities, Montreal ...

BACKGROUND While some medicinal drugs have been found to affect driving ability, no study has investigated whether a relationship exists between these medicines and crashes involving pedestrians. The aim of this study was to explore the association between the use of medicinal drugs and the risk of being involved in a road traffic crash as a pedestrian. METHODS AND FINDINGS Data from 3 French...