Monoclonal antibodies (abs) targeting the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint pathway have revolutionized tumor therapy. Because T-cell-directed PD-1 blockade boosts immunity, anti-PD-1 abs been developed for examining T-cell-PD-1 functions. More recently, expression has also reported directly on cancer cells of various etiology, including in melanoma. Nevertheless, there is a pauc...

Increasing evidence suggests that after the first pro-inflammatory hours, sepsis is characterized by the occurrence of severe immunosuppression. Several mechanisms have been reported to participate in sepsis-induced immune alterations affecting both innate and adaptive immunity. Of these, the concept of 'cell exhaustion' has gained a lot of interest because some parallels can be drawn with the ...

purpose: to compare the results of conventional hang-back technique (chbt) with that of anchored hang-back technique (ahbt) for bilateral lateral rectus (lr) recession in patients with exotropia. methods: in this randomized clinical trial, 60 patients underwent chbt (group 1) or ahbt (group 2) for lr recession (30 patients in each group). preoperative and postoperative deviation, age, sex, the ...