We have previously shown that imatinib uptake into chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells is dependent on human organic cation transporter 1 (hOCT1; SLC22A1), and that low hOCT1 expression is an important determinant of clinical outcome to imatinib treatment. We hypothesized that dasatinib might be transported differently than imatinib, possibly accounting for its favorable effects in imatinib-re...

The interferon (IFN) response is the first line of defense against viral infections, and the majority of viruses have developed different strategies to counteract IFN responses in order to ensure their survival in an infected host. In this study, the abilities to inhibit IFN signaling of two closely related West Nile viruses, the New York 99 strain (NY99) and Kunjin virus (KUN), strain MRM61C, ...

Sir, thrombopoietin (TPO) is a regulator of megakaryocyte differentiation that stimulates platelet production and possesses great value in treatment of primary and secondary marrow failure. Previously, we observed that mice that received human TPO (hTPO) cDNA injection were resistant to the toxicity of cyclophosphamide. Here we report the activity of TPO cDNA injection in elevating platelet cou...

The focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are protein-tyrosine kinases that are overexpressed and activated in human breast cancer. To determine the role of EGFR and FAK survival signaling in breast cancer, EGFR was stably overexpressed in BT474 breast cancer cells, and each signaling pathway was specifically targeted for inhibition. FAK and EGFR constitutively...

The aim of this study was to construct and characterize a novel recombinant human adenovirus vector expressing bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and green fluorescent protein (GFP). The BMP2 gene in the plasmid pcDNA3-BMP2 was sequenced and the restriction enzyme recognition sites were analyzed. Following mutagenesis using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the gene sequence after the translati...

BACKGROUND Accumulation and oxidation of LDL are believed to be important initiating factors in atherosclerosis. Oxidized LDL is recognized by the immune system, and animal studies have suggested that these immune responses have a protective effect against atherosclerosis. Aldehyde-modified peptide sequences in apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) are major targets for these immune responses. METH...

Abstract Introduction Calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) is a clinically relevant issue due to the lack of drugs for prevention or treatment. CAVS driven by endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. A novel therapeutic strategy should target specific molecules involved in regulation both function immune responses. G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) regulates desensitization downregul...

DNA vaccination against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) is an attractive and alternative strategy to the use of classical inactivated viral vaccines. The injection of a pcDNA3.1-based DNA vaccine encoding for FMDV P1-2A3C3D and GM-CSF proteins had previously been shown to induce the production of neutralizing antibodies against FMDV and partially protect swine against an experimental challe...

background: protozoa related to trypanosome family including leishmania , synthesize enzymes to escape from drug therapy. one of them is ptr1 that its enzymatic activity is similar to dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr). dihydrofolate reductase - thymidylate synthase has a major role in dna synthesis, if it is inhibited, the result would be the death of parasite. since ptr1 activity is similar to dh...

the µ (mu) opioid receptors, which mediate the effects of morphine, are widely distributed in brain. the purpose of this study was to design a simple expression system for rat µ-receptor in escherichia coli (bl21). in this laboratory study, rat µ-receptor cdna was isolated from pcdna3 vector using xba1 and hind3 restriction enzymes. pet-15b was digested by nco1 restriction enzyme. µ-receptor cd...