The design and optimization of photobioreactor(s) (PBR) benefit from the development robust quantitatively accurate computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models, which incorporate complex interplay fundamental phenomena. In present work, we propose a comprehensive model for tubular photobioreactors equipped with glass sponges. simulation requires minimum at least three submodels hydrodynamics, lig...

In previous experiments we showed that the Perspective-Based Reading (PBR) family of defect detection techniques was effective at detecting faults in requirements documents in some contexts. Experiences from these studies indicate that requirements faults are very difficult to define, classify and quantify. In order to address these difficulties, we present an empirical study whose main purpose...

Multimedia streaming applications consume a significant amount of server and network resources due to the high bandwidth and long duration of audio and video clips. Making streaming services economically viable requires techniques for minimizing the incremental cost of serving a new client, particularly for popular content. Patching [1] reduces server and network overhead by allowing a client t...

Occult pancreatobiliary reflux (PBR) in patients with a normal pancreatobiliary junction has been studied by various methods, but the exact etiology, mechanisms, and implications of this reflux have not yet been clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the degree of PBR and patterns of biliary ductal dilatation in patients with acute calculous cholangitis by endoscopic retrograde cho...

We examined lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) degeneration as an indicator for possible diagnosis of glaucoma in experimental glaucoma monkeys using positron emission tomography (PET). Chronic intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation was induced by laser trabeculoplasty in the left eyes of 5 cynomolgus monkeys. Glial cell activation was detected by PET imaging with [(11)C]PK11195, a PET ligand for p...

A techno-economic sensitivity analysis of the production of synthetic natural gas (SNG) via catalytic supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of microalgae produced in raceway ponds (RP), tubular-, or flat-panel-airlift photobioreactors (FPA-PBR) has been perfomed. The aim of combining microalgae production with SCWG is to close material flows with respect to water and nutrients, the so called ...

BACKGROUND Deterioration of the endothelial glycocalyx (eGC), a protective carbohydrate-rich layer lining the luminal surface of the endothelium, plays a key role in vascular barrier dysfunction and eventually organ-failure in systemic inflammatory response syndrome and sepsis. Early detection of glycocalyx damage could thus become an important goal in critical care. This study was designed to ...

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with endogenous protoporphyrin IX derived from 5-aminolevulinic acid or its derivatives has been established for treatments of several premalignancies and malignancies; however, the mechanism of the modality is not fully elucidated. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore consists mainly of the mitochondrial outer membrane voltage-dependent anion channel and th...