Lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and cadmium (Cd) are common heavy metal toxins and cause toxicological renal effects at high levels, but the relevance of low-level environmental exposures in the general population is controversial. A total of 1,797 adults who participated in the KNHANES (a cross-sectional nationally representative survey in Korea) were examined, and 128 of them (7.1%) had chronic kidn...

The phosphate-embedded calcium alginate beads were successfully synthesized based on sodium alginate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium hydrogen carbonate. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were conducted to characterize the morphology and structure of the phosphate-embedded calcium alginate beads. The effects of pH ...

Lead and Cadmium Levels in the Atmosphere in Mainland China: Zuo-Wen ZHANG, et al. Department of Public Health, Kyoto University Faculty of Medicine—The 1984–1997 retrieval of Chinese papers yielded 16 reports on the lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) levels in air of the general environment in Mainland China, in which Pb and Cd levels were reported in 29 and 10 cases, respectively. The reported values...

An unprecedented layered Pb-Kemp's triacid compound, Pb3[C6(CH3)3(CO2)3H6]2[DMF]3, has been synthesized. The material exhibits a selective CO2 adsorption, a reversible DMF coordination, and an intercalative hexanal addition reaction. A competing crystallization reaction under solvothermal conditions using Pb(2+) and Cd(2+) with Kemp's triacid reveals higher selectivity of Cd(2+) over Pb(2+).

OBJECTIVES To measure current Hg, Cd, and Pb exposure in Japanese children, and to estimate dietary intakes of foods responsible for high body burden. METHODS Blood, hair, and urine samples were collected from 9 to 10-year-old 229 children in Asahikawa and measured for Hg, Cd, and Pb in these matrices. Diet history questionnaire was used to estimate intake of marine foods and other food items...

The ability of water hyacinth ( Eichhornia crassipes Mart. Solms.) to absorb and translocate cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and nickel (Ni) was studied in the Erh-Chung wetlands. Translocation ability was defined as the quantity of Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni, and Zn translocated in the plant’s tissues, and was expressed as a root/shoot ratio. The ratio results were in the order of Cu>Pb>C...

investigations of lake umbozero, the second largest and the deepest lake of the murmansk region, were carried out to detect and define biogeochemical patterns of distribution of the chalcophile elements (hg, cd, pb, as) in water, sediments and organs and tissues of whitefishes. lake umbozero is affected by emissions and effluents from mining and metallurgical enterprises of the murmansk region,...

Management of heavy metal contamination requires accurate information about the distribution of bioavailable fractions, and about exchange between the solid and solution phases. In this study, we employed diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) and traditional chemical extraction methods (soil solution, HOAc, EDTA, CaCl₂, and NaOAc) to determine the Cd bioavailability in Cd-contaminated soil wi...

the bioavailability of trace metals, their biological uptake and ecotoxiccological effect on soil biota can be better understood in terms of their chemical fractionation. the present study examined the mobility and availability of cd, cu, ni, pb and zn in sewage water – irrigated soils using sequential extraction technique as a basis for predicting metal uptake by plants. the residual fraction ...

Oxidative stress, which is the loss of balance between antioxidant defense and oxidant production in the cells, is implicated in the molecular mechanism of heavy metal-induced neurotoxicity. Given the key role of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in inducing oxidative stress, we investigated their role in disrupting the integrity and function of immortalized human brain microvascular endothelial cells...