Relationships between Payments Received and Farm Household Well-Being Government payments to farmers increased from about $7.5 billion in 1996—the year the “Freedom to Farm” bill was enacted—to over $20 billion in 1999, 2000, and 2001. This increase stemmed from a drop in agricultural prices, which spurred a dramatic growth in emergency market assistance payments and loan deficiency payments (s...

Objective To estimate financial payments from industry to US journal editors.Design Retrospective observational study.Setting 52 influential (high impact factor for their specialty) US medical journals from 26 specialties and US Open Payments database, 2014.Participants 713 editors at the associate level and above identified from each journal's online masthead.Main outcome measures All general ...

one-third of this increase, however, represented a shift from the money payment to the vendor payment. Although vendor payments for medical care for the four categories combined went up in all but six of the 42 States that made such payments in one or more of these programs, almost three-fourths of the total increase occurred in eight States.5 For the country as a whole, the increase in vendor ...

BACKGROUND Informal patient payments for healthcare are common in the Western Balkans, negatively affecting public health and healthcare. AIM To identify literature from the Western Balkans on what is known about informal patient payments and bought and brought goods, to examine their effects on healthcare and to determine what actions can be taken to tackle these payments. METHODS After co...

Shogren, J.F. and Crocker, T.D.. 1990. Adaptation and the option value of uncertain environmental resources. Ecol. Econ., 2 : 301-310. Just as ecology has benefited from the economic theory of optimizstion, economics can benefit from the ecological theory of adaptation. We examine the impact of short-term, non-genetic adaptive self-protection on the values individuals attach to uncertain prospe...

,4 DECADE ago the social security system was extended to include persons with self -employment earnings from agriculture. The first year they were covered (1955)) 2.1 million persons met the minimum income requirements and paid selfemployment taxes. 1 After reaching a peak of nearly 2.4 million tax returns for 1956, the number of farm persons filing self-employment social security tax returns d...

This paper examines consumer adoption of a new electronic payment service, mobile payments. The empirical data for the explorative study was collected by establishing six focus group sessions. The results suggest that the relative advantages of mobile payments include time and place independence, availability, possibilities for remote purchases, and queue avoidance. The interviewees found mobil...

This study developed a modified capitation payment method for the Medicare end stage renal disease (ESRD) program designed to support appropriate treatment choices and protect health plans from undue financial risk. The payment method consists of risk-adjusted monthly capitated payments for individuals on dialysis or with functioning kidney grafts, lump sum event payments for expected increment...